Relationships Among Manure Nitrogen Output and Dietary and Animal Factors in Lactating Dairy Cows

Yan, Tianhai; Frost, J. P.; Agnew, R. E.; Binnie, R. C.; Mayne, C. S.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(06)72441-9

Cited by 88 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Yan et al (2007) reported that N intake is an accurate predictor of N excretion in growing beef cattle. The current data confirmed previous reports of a linear relationship between N intake and N excretion, for example by Kebreab et al (2001) and Yan et al (2006 and who reported positive linear relationships between N intake and manure N output. One of the objectives of the current study was to develop similarly equations for prediction of N outputs from modern suckler cows.…”

Section: Energy Requirementsupporting

confidence: 93%

Estimation of the maintenance energy requirements, methane emissions and nitrogen utilization efficiency of two suckler cow genotypes

Zou

Lively

Wylie

et al. 2016

animal

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Seventeen non-lactating dairy-bred suckler cows (LF; Limousin × Holstein-Friesian) and 17 non-lactating beef composite breed suckler cows (ST; Stabiliser) were used to study enteric methane emissions and energy and nitrogen (N) utilization from grass silage diets. Cows were housed in cubicle accommodation for 17 days, and then moved to individual tie-stalls for an 8-day digestibility balance including a 2-day adaption followed by immediate transfer to an indirect, open-circuit, respiration calorimeters for 3 days with gaseous exchange recorded over the last two of these days. Grass silage was offered ad libitum once daily at 0900 h throughout the study. There were no significant differences ( P > 0.05) between the genotypes for energy intakes, energy outputs or energy use efficiency, or for methane emission rates (methane emissions per unit of dry matter intake or energy intake), or for N metabolism characteristics (N intake or N output in faeces or urine). Accordingly, the data for both cow genotypes were pooled and used to develop relationships between inputs and outputs. Regression of energy retention against ME intake (r 2 = 0.52; P < 0.001) indicated values for net energy requirements for maintenance of 0.386, 0.392 and 0.375 MJ/kg 0.75 for LF + ST, LF and ST respectively. Methane energy output was 0.066 of gross energy intake when the intercept was omitted from the linear equation (r 2 = 0.59; P < 0.001). There were positive linear relationships between N intake and N outputs in manure, and manure N accounted for 0.923 of the N intake. The present results provide approaches to predict maintenance energy requirement, methane emission and manure N output for suckler cows and further information is required to evaluate their application in a wide range of suckler production systems.

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Section: Energy Requirementsupporting

confidence: 93%

Estimation of the maintenance energy requirements, methane emissions and nitrogen utilization efficiency of two suckler cow genotypes

Zou

Lively

Wylie

et al. 2016

animal

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“…Nitrogen utilisation Numerous researchers have reported that increasing NI is accompanied by an increase in FN and UN (Moore et al, 2004;Yan et al, 2006). Previous results obtained by the analysis of a dataset from 25 studies indicated that the slope of the linear relationship between NI and FN or UN varied Salah, Sauvant and Archimède from 0.20 to 0.39 and 0.38 to 0.68, respectively (Castillo et al, 2000;Huhtanen et al, 2008;Weiss et al, 2009;Kebreab et al, 2010).…”

Section: Omdmentioning

confidence: 96%

Response of growing ruminants to diet in warm climates: a meta-analysis

Salah

Sauvant²,

Archimède

2015

Animal

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The aim of this work was to establish the response of growing sheep, goats and cattle to different nutritional environments. Data from 590 publications representing 2225 treatments were analysed. The results showed that each 10% increase in NDF was accompanied by 0.11 g/kg live weight (LW) and 0.32 g/kg metabolic live weight (LW 0.75 ) decreases in DMI. Otherwise, the response of DMI to CP (CP%DM) content was curvilinear (P < 0.01), without any significant difference in the slope between species. The percentage of concentrate (% CC) affected DMI curvilinearly, without any significant difference between species. This meta-analysis demonstrated the negative linear effect of NDF and the quadratic effect of CP concentration on organic matter digestibility (OMd). For growth performance, the three species responded curvilinearly to variations in metabolisable energy intake (MEI MJ/kg LW 0.75 ) and digestible CP (DCPI g/kg LW 0.75 ) intake (P < 0.01). At the same level of MEI, average daily gain (ADG) varied with CP contents of the diet, and only the intercept differences were significant between the three levels (P = 0.07). At the same level of DCPI, ADG varied with energy level (below maintenance (LE − − ), 1 to 1.2 × maintenance (LE − ), 1.2 to 1.4 × maintenance (ME + − ), and >1.4, corresponding to maximum growth (HE + )). No significant difference was observed between LE − − and LE − , and no significant difference was observed between ME + − and HE + . For nitrogen balance, no difference was observed between species for a given level of nitrogen intake.

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“…The 2 extant prediction equations for TN (equations 27 and 28) listed in Table 5 performed better when evaluated with the most recent data than with the complete data. Under the complete data evaluation, the model proposed by Yan et al (2006;equation 28) was within 1 g of the prediction error of the proposed models (equations 5 and 6), but the model by Nennich et al (2005;equation 27) was approximately 20 g larger than both equation 28 and the proposed prediction equations for TN excretion from lactating cows (equations 5 and 6). Under evaluation with the most recent data, both equations 27 and 28 performed slightly better than the proposed models, with a prediction error approximately 2 g smaller than that of equations 5 and 6, suggesting they were all equally suited for predicting TN from lactating cows.…”

Section: Model Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, to compare model performance with extant models, the RM-SPE of 3 FN models (Castillo et al, 2000;Huhtanen et al, 2008;Kebreab et al, 2010), 3 UN models (Castillo et al, 2000;Huhtanen et al, 2008;Kebreab et al, 2010), and 2 TN models (Nennich et al, 2005;Yan et al, 2006) was calculated with both the complete data and the most recent data subset. To assess the models' potential for practical application, the TN prediction equations used in the national GHG inventory (EPA, 2014) were evaluated for prediction accuracy with both the complete and most recent data.…”

Section: Model Evaluation and Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting nitrogen excretion from cattle

Reed

Moraes

Casper

et al. 2015

Journal of Dairy Science

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Manure nitrogen (N) from cattle production facilities can lead to negative environmental effects, such as contribution to greenhouse gas emissions, leaching and runoff to aqueous ecosystems leading to eutrophication, and acid rain. To mitigate these effects and to improve the efficiency of N use, accurate prediction of N excretion and secretions are required. A genetic algorithm was implemented to select models to predict fecal, urinary, and total manure N excretions, and milk N secretions from 3 classes of animals: lactating dairy cows, heifers and dry cows, and steers. Two tiers of model classes were developed for each category of animals based on model input requirements. A total of 6 models for heifers and dry cows and steers and an additional 2 models for lactating dairy cattle were developed. Evaluation of the models using K-fold cross validation based on all data and using the most recent 6 yr of data showed better prediction for total manure N and fecal N compared with urinary N excretion, which was the most variable response in the database. Compared with extant models from the literature, the models developed in this study resulted in a significant improvement in prediction error for fecal and urinary N excretions from lactating cows. For total manure production by lactating cows, extant and new models were comparable in their prediction ability. Both proposed and extant models performed better than the prediction methods used by the US Environmental Protection Agency for the national inventory of greenhouse gases. Therefore, the proposed models are recommended for use in estimation of manure N from various classes of animals.

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Relationships Among Manure Nitrogen Output and Dietary and Animal Factors in Lactating Dairy Cows

Cited by 88 publications

References 13 publications

Estimation of the maintenance energy requirements, methane emissions and nitrogen utilization efficiency of two suckler cow genotypes

Estimation of the maintenance energy requirements, methane emissions and nitrogen utilization efficiency of two suckler cow genotypes

Response of growing ruminants to diet in warm climates: a meta-analysis

Predicting nitrogen excretion from cattle

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