Relationships among levels of biodiversity and the relevance of intraspecific diversity in conservation – a project synopsis

Gugerli, Félix; Englisch, Thorsten; Niklfeld, Harald; Tribsch, Andreas; Mirek, Z.; Ronikier, Michał; Zimmermann, Niklaus E.; Holderegger, Rolf; Taberlet, Pierre

doi:10.1016/j.ppees.2008.07.001

Cited by 83 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Similarly, examining species less tolerant to degraded conditions, like Etheostoma caeruleum, would test whether greater risk of extinction weakens SGDCs (Vellend 2005). These and other tests would build a broader framework for understanding the range of conditions that give rise to parallel variation in genetic diversity and species diversity, which in turn could help improve diagnosis of anthropogenic influences on aquatic ecosystems (Noss 1990;Bagley et al 2004;Willis and Birks 2006;Gugerli et al 2008;Derry et al 2009). …”

Section: Relationships Between Genetic Diversity and Species Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity and species diversity of stream fishes covary across a land-use gradient

Blum

Bagley²,

Walters³

et al. 2011

Oecologia

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Genetic diversity and species diversity are expected to covary according to area and isolation, but may not always covary with environmental heterogeneity. In this study, we examined how patterns of genetic and species diversity in stream fishes correspond to local and regional environmental conditions. To do so, we compared population size, genetic diversity and divergence in central stonerollers (Campostoma anomalum) to measures of species diversity and turnover in stream fish assemblages among similarly sized watersheds across an agriculture-forest land-use gradient in the Little Miami River basin (Ohio, USA). Significant correlations were found in many, but not all, pair-wise comparisons. Allelic richness and species richness were strongly correlated, for example, but diversity measures based on allele frequencies and assemblage structure were not. In-stream conditions related to agricultural land use were identified as significant predictors of genetic diversity and species diversity. Comparisons to population size indicate, however, that genetic diversity and species diversity are not necessarily independent and that variation also corresponds to watershed location and glaciation history in the drainage basin. Our findings demonstrate that genetic diversity and species diversity can covary in stream fish assemblages, and illustrate the potential importance of scaling observations to capture responses to hierarchical environmental variation. More comparisons according to life history variation could further improve understanding of conditions that give rise to parallel variation in genetic diversity and species diversity, which in turn could improve diagnosis of anthropogenic influences on aquatic ecosystems.

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Section: Relationships Between Genetic Diversity and Species Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity and species diversity of stream fishes covary across a land-use gradient

Blum

Bagley²,

Walters³

et al. 2011

Oecologia

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“…Gentiana nivalis was sampled across the Alps and Carpathians, following the strategy used by the IntraBioDiv consortium as described in Gugerli et al (2008). Leaf samples were collected from at least one locality in every second 12 latitude × 20 longitude regular grid cell based on Niklfeld (1971).…”

Section: Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting diffusion of Quaternary gene pools across Europe: The case of the arctic–alpine Gentiana nivalis L. (Gentianaceae)

Alvarez

Manel

Schmitt

2012

Flora - Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants

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“…Species Richness (SR) and abundance are two of the most widely used ecological parameters in the measurement of biodiversity (Gugerli et al, 2008). Number of endemics in a given area is another parameter that can be used to measure biodiversity.…”

Section: Edge = Ln(1+ed) + Ge * Ln(2) (E3)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary distinctness of Important Bird Areas (IBAs) of Sri Lanka: Do the species-rich wet zone forests safeguard Sri Lanka’s genetic heritage?

Abeyarama

Seneviratne

2017

Ceylon J. Sci.

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Different components of biodiversity cannot be treated equally due to the limitations of knowledge and resources, and the heterogeneity in the distribution of biodiversity in the landscape. Therefore, biodiversity should be prioritized in effective sitebased conservation. Parameters related to ecology, sociology and economics are primarily used for this prioritization process. Genetic and evolutionary history is broadly ignored. Using Important Bird Areas (areas of high avian diversity or density, defined based on several key criteria of species richness and abandons) as a model, here we attempted to use several key evolutionary tools in biodiversity prioritization with the aim of testing their applicability in an island nation where evolutionary relationships of species are yet to be fully appreciated. We developed a DNA-based phylogenetic tree for the 342 total species of birds recorded in Sri Lanka's 71 IBAs. We used DNA sequence archives at www.birdtree.org for closely-related crown nodes of Sri Lankan species and higher-order phylogenetic backbone for represented taxonomic orders to construct the phylogenetic tree. Using this tree, we calculated the Phylogenetic Diversity (PD), Evolutionary Distinctness (ED) and the extinction risk of deep lineages (EDGE scores) for each IBA. Batrachostomus moniliger (Ceylon Frogmouth) is the most ED species while Otus thilohoffmanni (Serendib Scopes-owl) is the most EDGE species for Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka's premier dry zone National Parks, Yala, Bundala and Udawalawe are the top ranked IBAs in PD, ED and EDGE scores. Except Sinharaja MAB Reserve and Knuckles, all other wet zone IBAs, which are characterized by their high endemicity and biodiversity were not ranked among the top ten IBAs for above evolutionary parameters. Mixing of both continental and insular lineages in the dry zone due to its proximity to mainland, the presence of wetlands that support migratory lineages and the movement of wet zone taxa along the riverine forests towards the dry zone could have increased the PD and ED scores in dry zone IBAs. However, wet zone IBAs are better at keeping the avian genetic composition that is unique to Sri Lanka by holding most of the avian endemics. For islands like Sri Lanka, global indices do not reflect the local evolutionary and conservation status. Effective site-based conservation programs that are aimed at preventing local extinctions therefore, must recognize the heterogeneity of biodiversity across the landscape. Our results show that the evolutionary parameters such as PD, ED and EDGE score are effective tools to refine the conventional indices used in habitat prioritization for Sri Lanka.

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Relationships among levels of biodiversity and the relevance of intraspecific diversity in conservation – a project synopsis

Cited by 83 publications

References 72 publications

Genetic diversity and species diversity of stream fishes covary across a land-use gradient

Genetic diversity and species diversity of stream fishes covary across a land-use gradient

Contrasting diffusion of Quaternary gene pools across Europe: The case of the arctic–alpine Gentiana nivalis L. (Gentianaceae)

Evolutionary distinctness of Important Bird Areas (IBAs) of Sri Lanka: Do the species-rich wet zone forests safeguard Sri Lanka’s genetic heritage?

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