“…Many studies based on small‐scale experimental designs in the field of science education have shown that inquiry‐based instructional practices positively influence students' science achievement (see Furtak, Seidel, Iverson, & Briggs, 2012 as well as Minner et al, 2010 for reviews). Recently, however, correlational studies based on ILSA data (Cairns & Areepattamannil, 2019; Jiang & McComas, 2015; Liou & Ho, 2018; McConney, Oliver, Woods‐McConney, Schibei, & Maor, 2014; Mostafa, Echazarra, & Guillou, 2018; Teig, Scherer, & Nilsen, 2018) have documented counter‐intuitive findings. The frequent use of inquiry‐based instructional practices was found to be negatively associated with students' science achievement.…”