Relationships among growth, development and plastic response to environment quality in a perennial plant

Moriuchi, Ken S.; Winn, Alice A.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01346.x

Cited by 59 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In this species, water potentials decreased sharply after exposure to drought, which correlated with high mortality rates. Consistent with predictions for adaptive stress resistance, perennial plants allocate proportionately more biomass to roots and rhizomes and produce smaller, thicker, and longer-lived leaves than those plants grown near optimal conditions (Moriuchi and Winn, 2005). Increased resource allocation to roots, particularly in rhizomes, is a stress resistance trait, because as discussed before, roots (and particularly, tubers and rhizomes as perennial storage organs) provide the safety to resume growth when environmental constraints, such as water or nutrient availability, have passed.…”

Section: Stress Resistancesupporting

confidence: 63%

Perennial Roots to Immortality ,

Munné‐Bosch

2014

Plant Physiology

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Maximum lifespan greatly varies among species, and it is not strictly determined; it can change with species evolution. Clonal growth is a major factor governing maximum lifespan. In the plant kingdom, the maximum lifespans described for clonal and nonclonal plants vary by an order of magnitude, with 43,600 and 5,062 years for Lomatia tasmanica and Pinus longaeva, respectively. Nonclonal perennial plants (those plants exclusively using sexual reproduction) also present a huge diversity in maximum lifespans (from a few to thousands of years) and even more interestingly, contrasting differences in aging patterns. Some plants show a clear physiological deterioration with aging, whereas others do not. Indeed, some plants can even improve their physiological performance as they age (a phenomenon called negative senescence). This diversity in aging patterns responds to species-specific life history traits and mechanisms evolved by each species to adapt to its habitat. Particularities of roots in perennial plants, such as meristem indeterminacy, modular growth, stress resistance, and patterns of senescence, are crucial in establishing perenniality and understanding adaptation of perennial plants to their habitats. Here, the key role of roots for perennial plant longevity will be discussed, taking into account current knowledge and highlighting additional aspects that still require investigation.

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Section: Stress Resistancesupporting

confidence: 63%

Perennial Roots to Immortality ,

Munné‐Bosch

2014

Plant Physiology

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“…For some of annual plant species, nutrient availability affects the root shoot biomass partitioning, only when it changes early in ontogeny (McConnaughay and Coleman, 1998). However, it is also reported that plants can alter their initial trajectory in response to even later increase in nutrient resources (Moriuchi and Winn, 2005). In the present study, at low nutrient availability in coarse sediments, the biomass allocation to roots is obviously higher (St.1 and St.2), while at a higher nutrient availability in finer sediments, more fraction of biomass is allocated to aboveground tissues (St.3 and St.5).…”

Section: Plasticity In Biomass Allocation To Aboveground and Belowgromentioning

confidence: 41%

Growth of Phragmites japonica on a sandbar of regulated river: morphological adaptation of the plant to low water and nutrient availability in the substrate

Asaeda

Siong

Kawashima

et al. 2008

River Research & Apps

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The construction of upstream dams regulates flood magnitudes, reduces the inundation frequency of the riparian zones and curtails the discharge of sediments to the downstream. Adaptation of a Phragmites japonica colony growing at a rarely flooded sandbar (1.4 Â 0.25 km) was investigated. Above-and belowground biomass was sampled, together with litters on the ground surface of a quadrat and soil in the rhizosphere. Five sampling locations were selected with three locations located in sandy and two in stony areas. The results showed the total biomass and the ratio of above-to belowground biomasses were larger at the sandy sites than the stony sites. However, the fraction of root biomass (i.e. root to rhizome ratio) in the belowground biomass at the stony sites was higher than that at the sandy sites. Higher aboveground and total plant biomass in the sandy areas was because the plants had better access to water and nutrients than plants growing in stony beds. A higher proportion of root biomass, at the expense of rhizome biomass, in the belowground biomass of plant growing in stony sites was due to the difficulty in accessing water and inorganic nutrients. The ratios of nitrogen (N) to phosphorus (P) in the plant tissues were mostly between 5 and 10, indicating that plant growth was N limited. Low ratios of total N (TN) to total P (TP) were also recorded in soil samples, where TN was 300-700 mg/kg and TP was 300-350 mg/kg. A wide phenotypic plasticity observed in P. japonica was an importance factor to maximize the plant survival and fitness in frequently disturbed habitats, and this plasticity was the result of both true adjustment and ontogenetic drift. A mitigation effort, aimed to prevent coarsening of the riverbed by supplying sand to the downstream, can actually advance the development of P. japonica colonies.

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“…Similarly, a smaller leaf area may be an effective adaptive mechanism to the terrestrial habitat, possibly because a smaller leaf area can result in decreasing water loss by transpiration (Oikawa et al, 2006). Therefore, the production of smaller, longer-lived leaves in lower-quality environments may be a more adaptive approach to increase resource use efficiency in response to stress (Chapin et al, 1993;Kikuzawa, 1991;Moriuchi and Winn, 2005). The present study also suggests that terrestrially grown plants have thinner lamina than aquatically grown plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Adaptation to water level variation: Responses of a floating-leaved macrophyteNymphoides peltatato terrestrial habitats

2010

Ann. Limnol. - Int. J. Lim.

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-A straightforward experimental approach was carried out to study the adaptation responses of a typical floating-leaved aquatic plant Nymphoides peltata to changes in water availability. N. peltata grown in terrestrial habitat was approximately 88.77% lower in total biomass, 62.75% higher in root biomass allocation, 80.9% higher in root-shoot ratio, and 54.5% longer in leaf longevity compared with N. peltata grown in aquatic habitats. Anatomical analyses suggest that aquatic-grown N. peltata exhibits a well-developed lacunal system in leaf, petiole, and coarse root. Moreover, aquatic-grown N. peltata had approximately a higher in lacunal system in leaf, petiole, and coarse root by 28.57%, 56.41% and 82.35%, respectively, than those of terrestrial-grown N. peltata. These results indicated that N. peltata was well adapted to the terrestrial habitat because of its biomass allocation, morphological, and anatomical strategies that depended on the increase in root biomass allocation and leaf longevity, as well as the decrease in the lacunal system volume in leaf, petiole, and coarse root. This indicates that N. peltata can develop multiple morphological and anatomical strategies, an integrated approach to enhance survival in dynamic and unpredictable environments.

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Relationships among growth, development and plastic response to environment quality in a perennial plant

Cited by 59 publications

References 44 publications

Perennial Roots to Immortality ,

Perennial Roots to Immortality ,

Growth of Phragmites japonica on a sandbar of regulated river: morphological adaptation of the plant to low water and nutrient availability in the substrate

Adaptation to water level variation: Responses of a floating-leaved macrophyteNymphoides peltatato terrestrial habitats

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