Relationships among companies of militia in the colony of New York in 1760 estimated by an analysis of their surnames

Gw, Lasker; At, Steegmann

doi:10.1080/19485565.1985.9988600

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Spearman's rho, a rank order correlation coefficient, was used rather than Pearson's product-moment correlation because of potential problems in estimation of inbreeding, nonnormality, and nonlinearity of expected relationships. One potential problem in such analyses is that the number of isonymous marriages in most human populations is so small that sampling error tends to be high (Lasker, 1985). While nonparametric correlation provides a partial solution, the problem of estimation for the total and nonrandom inbreeding components must be Cohort NM1 NM2 NM1 NM2 NM1 NM2 NM1 NM2 NM1 NM2 1741-69 142 139 1770-84 151 147 179 168 170 170 1785-99 68 64 251 238 215 203 279 272 1800-09 77 77 144 142 181 172 161 154 211 205 1810-19 83 82 124 120 174 165 196 180 186 177 1820-29 114 109 143 136 192 191 199 190 240 227 1830-39 60 60 202 188 222 215 2 14 198 286 279 1840-49 120 114 208 202 222 216 296 275 328 316 kept in mind.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While nonparametric correlation provides a partial solution, the problem of estimation for the total and nonrandom inbreeding components must be Cohort NM1 NM2 NM1 NM2 NM1 NM2 NM1 NM2 NM1 NM2 1741-69 142 139 1770-84 151 147 179 168 170 170 1785-99 68 64 251 238 215 203 279 272 1800-09 77 77 144 142 181 172 161 154 211 205 1810-19 83 82 124 120 174 165 196 180 186 177 1820-29 114 109 143 136 192 191 199 190 240 227 1830-39 60 60 202 188 222 215 2 14 198 286 279 1840-49 120 114 208 202 222 216 296 275 328 316 kept in mind. The estimate of random inbreeding, however, is less problematic since it is based on a larger sample size (Lasker, 1985). All analyses were performed on a Zenith 158 microcomputer using the NCSS statistical package, Version 5.0 (Hintze, 1987).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inbreeding may be ascertained through analysis of church dispensations, pedigrees, or surnames. Inbreeding is relatively easy to estimate from isonymy (shared surnames) in certain populations, particularly in Western Europe and North America, where records are more abundant than in other parts of the world and assumptions of measurement techniques are most often met (Lasker, 1985). Given this ease of collection, it is not surprising that numerous studies of isonymy and inbreeding have been performed on historical and contemporary human populations.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Isonymy, inbreeding, and demographic variation in historical massachusetts

Relethford

Jaquish

1988

American J Phys Anthropol

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Random isonymy and inbreeding in a population may be affected by demographic variation, particularly population size and migration. Total levels of isonymy and inbreeding are also affected by cultural behaviors, which may themselves be affected by demographic factors. This paper investigates the relationship of demographic variation and inbreeding components (total, random, nonrandom) in five towns in north-central historical Massachusetts, 1741-1849. Estimates of exogamy rates (the proportion of individuals who are migrants) were derived from 6,038 marriage records, and population sizes were obtained from census data. Inbreeding components were computed using the surnames of 5,791 marriages. A total of 72 marriages are isonymous, giving a n estimated total inbreeding coefficient of 0.0031. Demographic and inbreeding measures were computed for 33 samples defined on the basis of town and marriage cohort. The interrelationship between demographic variation and inbreeding was tested using rank order correlation over all 33 samples. Total inbreeding within samples shows no significant correlation with any of the demographic variables. Random inbreeding within samples shows a significant negative correlation with population size, and nonrandom inbreeding shows a positive correlation with population size. Various explanations for these correlations are offered. The opposite influences on random and nonrandom inbreeding cancel one another. These results demonstrate the complex interaction between cultural factors, demographic variation, and genetic structure in human populations.The study of inbreeding in human populations provides a unique focus for the analysis of interactions between cultural and biological processes. In theory, the level of inbreeding in a population depends on population size, migration rates, and the number of generations since the population was founded (Crow and Kimura, 1970). Inbreeding in human populations may also be influenced by cultural patterns of mate choice, demographic constraints, and geographic dispersal, among other factors. At the level of the local population, the cultural, demographic, and genetic aspects of inbreeding may be interrelated, making interpretation difficult.Inbreeding may be ascertained through analysis of church dispensations, pedigrees, or surnames. Inbreeding is relatively easy to estimate from isonymy (shared surnames) in certain populations, particularly in Western Europe and North America, where records are more abundant than in other parts of the world and assumptions of measurement techniques are most often met (Lasker, 1985). Given this ease of collection, it is not surprising that numerous studies of isonymy and inbreeding have been performed on historical and contemporary human populations.Many studies of inbreeding, however, have focused on the presentation of inbreeding levels in one or more populations without a thorough analysis of the determinants of inbreeding. In theory, inbreeding levels in a population should increase to reach an equi-

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isonymy, inbreeding, and demographic variation in historical massachusetts

Relethford

Jaquish

1988

American J Phys Anthropol

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“…Different studies have used surname analysis to correlate genetic parameters (e.g. drift, kinship and migrations) and population structure (Gottlieb, 1983;Lasker, 1985;Zei et al 2003). Recently, Cavalli-Sforza et al (2004) have shown a significant correlation between the estimates of inbreeding obtained from consanguinity and those obtained from surname data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Spatial Analysis and Surname Analysis: Complementary Tools for Shedding Light on Human Longevity Patterns

Montesanto

Passarino

Senatore

et al. 2007

Annals of Human Genetics

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SummaryStarting from the observation that human longevity patterns show regional variations, we applied Spatial Analysis (using the Geographic Information System) and Surname Analysis to highlight the effect of the population genetic structure on such patterns. The study was carried out in Calabria, a southern Italian region which is characterized by a wide variability of geographic features (high mountains and deep valleys which created geographic isolates in the past). We identified three zones of high longevity: a male and a female longevity zone were located near the town of Cosenza (northern Calabria), while a male longevity zone was located in a mountainous and quite isolated part of the province of Reggio Calabria (southern Calabria). The latter zone was characterized by the lowest Female/Male ratio in nonagenarians observed to date. By applying surname analysis (Fisher's alpha) we found a significant negative correlation between surname abundance and index of longevity, showing that this isolated zone of male longevity presents a high level of inbreeding. On the whole, the results showed the effectiveness of spatial analysis in revealing geographical longevity patterns, and highlighted the importance of the population genetic structure in shaping such patterns.

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Gabriel Ward Lasker--An Appreciation

Mascie‐Taylor¹

2002

Human Biology

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Relationships among companies of militia in the colony of New York in 1760 estimated by an analysis of their surnames

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

Isonymy, inbreeding, and demographic variation in historical massachusetts

Isonymy, inbreeding, and demographic variation in historical massachusetts

Spatial Analysis and Surname Analysis: Complementary Tools for Shedding Light on Human Longevity Patterns

Gabriel Ward Lasker--An Appreciation

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