Relationship with the deceased as facilitator of posttraumatic growth among suicide-loss survivors

Levi‐Belz, Yossi

doi:10.1080/07481187.2017.1285372

Cited by 23 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The searches identified fifteen studies reporting on twelve samples. Five studies were conducted in Australia [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ], three in the USA [ 9 , 19 , 20 ], three in the UK [ 21 , 22 , 23 ], two in Israel [ 24 , 25 ], one in Canada [ 26 ], and one in Switzerland [ 27 ]. There were two quantitative and thirteen qualitative studies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuing Bonds after Loss by Suicide: A Systematic Review

Goodall

Krysińska

Andriessen

2022

IJERPH

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The concept of continuing bonds as an alternative to detachment from the deceased person has gained traction in grief literature over the years. Those bereaved by suicide are likely to experience various grief reactions and may be at-risk for adverse grief and mental health outcomes. However, it remains unclear how those bereaved by suicide experience continuing bonds. To address this gap, we conducted a systematic review according to PRISMA guidelines. Searches of peer-reviewed literature in Medline, PsycINFO, Embase, Emcare, EBM Reviews, and Scopus identified 15 studies (2 quantitative and 13 qualitative) reporting on 12 samples, published between 2010 and 2021. The study quality of the quantitative studies was poor, but it was fair amongst the qualitative studies. People bereaved by suicide experienced continuing bonds across a variety of domains and reported mostly positive experiences. Factors that tended to have an impact on the expression of continuing bonds included time since bereavement, relationship to the deceased, social expectations, sex of the bereaved, and the ability of the bereaved to make meaning of the death. The review concludes that most participants reported positive experiences with continuing bonds. However, discrepancies between males and females and between those bereaved by suicide and those bereaved by other causes warrants further investigation. In addition, longitudinal community-based research involving representative samples is needed to understand the evolution and experience of continuing bonds over time in those bereaved by suicide and to inform future efforts in supporting them.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuing Bonds after Loss by Suicide: A Systematic Review

Goodall

Krysińska

Andriessen

2022

IJERPH

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“…For example, suicide survivors might have less positive continuing bonds with the deceased loved one than those who lose somebody to other causes because of the anger towards the loved one and the feeling of being left alone. The less positive continuing bonds lessen the possibilities for post-traumatic growth in people bereaved by suicide (Levi-Belz 2017). All in all, this short overview of studies on grief reveals the complexity of the bereavement process, which gets even more complicated when the cause of death is suicide.…”

Section: Bereavement After Suicidementioning

confidence: 92%

Spirituality and Religiosity during Suicide Bereavement: A Qualitative Systematic Review

et al. 2021

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A loved one’s loss to suicide can be a traumatic experience and trigger a difficult grief process, identity changes, a loss of the sense of meaning and a spiritual crisis. Spirituality and/or religiosity (S/R) can be both an important resource and a source of stigmatisation during suicide bereavement. This study aims to synthesise the extant findings about S/R during suicide bereavement in qualitative studies. After an exhaustive selection of articles, the current review utilised a total of 484 citations and seven studies. A thematic synthesis yielded five major themes related to S/R during suicide bereavement: the need to be helped by the religious community without being judged; S/R-related experience of the deceased as a figure who continues to exist; S/R experienced without a conscious choice; conscious reach towards S/R themes; not relating to S/R during suicide bereavement. These findings indicate that the role of S/R during suicide bereavement is complex and varies from providing help to serving as a source of suffering. Hence, practitioners and religious communities should be mindful of the S/R themes during suicide bereavement.

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“…As presented in the introduction, interpersonal psychological factors in general and self-disclosure specifically have a recognized effect on mental health variables, particularly on psychological outcomes of bereavement. Notwithstanding extant data addressing the role of S-D in creating positive change among SUSs [28,29,30] and data relating to lower levels of CG, the degree to which S-D may impart a positive longitudinal effect on CG levels among those bereaving a significant other following suicide remains unclear. In this study, we examined the effect of the tendency to disclose personal and emotional information (S-D) on CG in an 18-month longitudinal design.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Let’s Talk About It”: The Moderating Role of Self-Disclosure on Complicated Grief over Time among Suicide Survivors

Levi‐Belz

Lev‐Ari

2019

IJERPH

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Suicide often imparts highly stressful ramifications to those left behind. Previous research on suicide survivors (SUSs) has demonstrated their being at high risk for developing anxiety and depression, including pathological complicated grief (CG). Self-disclosure (S-D)––the tendency to share one’s personal feelings––has been found to be an important component of dealing with grief. In this study, we examined the effect of S-D on CG in an 18-month longitudinal design following one hundred fifty-six SUSs. We found that SUSs suffering from pathological CG at Time 1 (T1) were lower in S-D at T1 and T2 and higher in depression at T2. We also found that SUSs with lower S-D at T1 had higher CG at T2. Using a structural equation model, we found that S-D at T1 contributed significantly (and negatively) to CG at T1, above and beyond the natural fading of CG over time. Our findings emphasize that while CG is highly prevalent among SUSs, S-D has a beneficial effect which can serve as a protective factor against CG for this group. Implications regarding possible interventions with SUSs were discussed.

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Relationship with the deceased as facilitator of posttraumatic growth among suicide-loss survivors

Cited by 23 publications

References 32 publications

Continuing Bonds after Loss by Suicide: A Systematic Review

Continuing Bonds after Loss by Suicide: A Systematic Review

Spirituality and Religiosity during Suicide Bereavement: A Qualitative Systematic Review

“Let’s Talk About It”: The Moderating Role of Self-Disclosure on Complicated Grief over Time among Suicide Survivors

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