Relationship of ultrasound renal echogenicity, serum creatinine level and CD4 cell counts in patients with human immunodeficiency virus-associated nephropathy

Ibinaiye, Philip Oluleke; Garko, Sani; Ahidjo, A; Tanimu, Sa'ad Suleiman; Tahir, Nasiru M

doi:10.4103/2384-5147.144733

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…A similar pattern of RFI had earlier been reported in Cameroon [35]. Although mean serum creatinine level in the present study is smaller than 399 and > 800 mmol/L previously reported in the country [5,32], it does suggest that renal failure could become a worrisome medical condition in the population in the very near future if the trend is not reversed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Mean viral load and CD4+ count in the population studied shows that HIV infection was at its advanced stage before patients presented for medical attention. This is similar to what had previously been reported in Nigeria [5,32]. The implication of all this is that public awareness campaigns for voluntary HIV/AIDS screening appear to have achieved little positive result not just in Lagos metropolis but probably in the entire country.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…This also shows that grade 3 renal echogenicity was the most predictive of HIVAN diagnosis in the present study. A strong negative correlation (r = − 0.8) had earlier been reported in Nigeria [5,32] while a similar inference with respect to grade 3 echogenicity and prediction of HIVAN diagnosis had equally been reported [36].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

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Sonographic evaluation of kidney echogenicity and morphology among HIV sero-positive adults at Lagos University Teaching Hospital

Eze

Adeyomoye

2018

J Ultrasound

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Sonographic evaluation of renal echogenicity and morphology can reliably predict HIVAN diagnosis. Apathy to screening and late presentation were high while HIV/AIDS remains an important public health problem in the city of Lagos. Unilateral reduction in kidney size could be a major sequela of AIDS while sonographic measurement of absolute kidney length appears inadequate in the evaluation of AIDS patients with nephropathy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

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Sonographic evaluation of kidney echogenicity and morphology among HIV sero-positive adults at Lagos University Teaching Hospital

Eze

Adeyomoye

2018

J Ultrasound

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“…19 Ibinaiye et al had a similar finding (r=0.9). 20 This correlation can be explained by the research findings of Rosenfield and Siegel, who documented that the echogenicity of the kidneys had a good correlation with the severity of the interstitial disease on biopsy. Focal interstitial changes tend to produce a minimal increase in cortical echogenicity, while diffuse scarring produces a greater increase in echogenicity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Sonographic Grading of Renal Cortical Echogenicity and Raised Serum Creatinine in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Singh¹,

Gupta²,

Chander³

et al. 2016

jemds

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“…Mean viral load in the population was higher than the previously reported mean among different AIDS patient cohorts on antiretroviral therapy in Nigeria. 18,20 Immunosuppression was severe (worse among women) in the population as exemplified by mean CD4+ cell count < 200 cells/mm 3 . This shows that HIV infection was at its advanced stage before these patients presented for medical attention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal Echogenicity as a Predictor of Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Associated Nephropathy: A Cross-Sectional Study at a Tertiary Hospital in Lagos, Southwest Nigeria

Eze

Adeyomoye

2018

Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography

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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, which causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), remains a major public issue in the world. The public health challenge posed by HIV/AIDS is worse in developing countries, especially those in the sub-Saharan region of Africa. 1 HIV infection has a wide spectrum of renal manifestations. Renal function impairment is caused by direct HIV infection or indirectly by nephrotoxic drugs used in HIV/AIDS treatment, with HIVassociated nephropathy (HIVAN) being the most common cause of renal failure in the HIV infected. 1,2,3 HIVAN develops at the latent stage of HIV infection. Risk factors for HIVAN development include a CD4+ cell count less than 200 cells/mm 3 as well as a high viral load. 4 HIVAN is characterized by increasing serum creatinine, low glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and severe proteinuria (> 3 g/24 h). HIVAN is predominant among people of African descent and is notorious for its rapid progression to renal failure and end-stage renal disease. 5 Sonography is the most common and most widely deployed imaging modality in the evaluation of HIVinfected patients with renal diseases in Nigeria. 6 Common sonographic findings (Figure 2) in HIV-infected patients with nephropathy include enlarged kidneys and increased cortical echogenicity. 7,8 In spite of this, the specific diagnosis of HIVAN relies primarily on histopathologic study that involves renal biopsy. 9 To improve prognosis, early HIVAN diagnosis is important. Whereas physical evaluation is largely nonspecific, 10 renal biopsy is needed for a definitive HIVAN diagnosis, but it is not readily done in Nigeria because of the lack of nephrologists, infrastructure, and 774767J DMXXX10.

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Relationship of ultrasound renal echogenicity, serum creatinine level and CD4 cell counts in patients with human immunodeficiency virus-associated nephropathy

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Sonographic evaluation of kidney echogenicity and morphology among HIV sero-positive adults at Lagos University Teaching Hospital

Sonographic evaluation of kidney echogenicity and morphology among HIV sero-positive adults at Lagos University Teaching Hospital

Sonographic Grading of Renal Cortical Echogenicity and Raised Serum Creatinine in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Renal Echogenicity as a Predictor of Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Associated Nephropathy: A Cross-Sectional Study at a Tertiary Hospital in Lagos, Southwest Nigeria

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