Relationship of sulfated glycosaminoglycans and cholesterol content in normal and arteriosclerotic human aorta.

Abstract

Sulfated glycosaminoglycans were extracted from arteriosclerotic and adjacent nonarteriosclerotic areas of human aortas from persons ages 28 to 83 years; the glycosaminoglycans were compared with the cholesterol and triglyceride content of the tissues. Sulfated glycosaminoglycans were isolated after proteolytic digestion of defatted arterial tissue and were quantified after reductive labeling with NaB3H4. The amount of glycosaminoglycans in the aorta increased with the age of the person and the cholesterol content (degree of arteriosclerosis) of the aorta. The proportion of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate increased significantly with age and cholesterol content, whereas the corresponding amounts of heparan sulfate decreased.

Phospholipase A 2 Type II Binds to Extracellular Matrix Biglycan

“…8 -10 A series of in vivo and in vitro studies support this hypothesis. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] The interaction with chondroitin sulfate (CS)-rich PGs in the arterial intima contributes to the retention of apoB-containing lipoproteins in the vessel wall. This process may be a first step in a sequence of events leading to further modification of LDL particles in situ, such as oxidation and aggregation.…”

Study of Levels of Microalbuminuria in Coronary Artery Disease and Diabetes Mellitus

“…Similar changes in the exteracellular matrix of vessel walls have also been found in atherosclerosis 25 . It has been suggested that microalbuminuria is a marker of vascular damage and thus is an early finding in atherosclerosis 26 . The increased microalbuminuria observed in our study points towards the vascular damage in the patients with CAD as well as diabetes mellitus.…”

Advanced Glycation Endproduct Changes to Bruch's Membrane Promotes Lipoprotein Retention by Lipoprotein Lipase

“…25 The most abundant glycosaminoglycan side chains are chondroitin sulfate and dermatan sulfate, both of which are increased in atherosclerosis, as well as heparan sulfate. 42 Biglycan and versican have been extensively studied for their role in lipoprotein retention because they i) have strong affinity for chondroitin and dermatan sulfate proteoglycans, 42 ii) are enriched in areas of atherosclerosis, 42 and iii) bind to apoB100-containing lipoproteins. 43 Biglycan has emerged as the most important core protein involved in the initial lipoprotein retention because it localizes to areas of lipoprotein retention before lesion development.…”

“…It can bind lipoproteins in vitro, but it tends to localize to areas that are devoid of atherosclerotic lesions. 42 Although it is well established that Bruch's membrane is a pentilaminar structure composed of the RPE basement membrane, the inner collagenous layer, middle elastic layer, outer collagenous layer, and choriocapillaris basement membrane, less is known about its proteoglycan content. Hewitt et al 46 have identified a change in glycosaminoglycan content from its normal level of 77% chondroitin/dermatan sulfate and 23% heparan sulfate proteoglycans to 42% chondroitin/dermatan sulfate and 58% heparan sulfate with aging, and similarly 45% chondroitin/dermatan sulfate and the 55% heparan sulfate content in AMD.…”