Relationship of smoking and smoking cessation with number of teeth present: JPHC Oral Health Study*

Yanagisawa, Tomohito; Marugame, Tomomi; Ohara, Satoko; Inoue, Manami; Tsugane, Shoichiro; Kawaguchi, Yoko

doi:10.1111/j.1601-0825.2008.01472.x

Cited by 30 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…18 A retrospective cohort study of 547 men aged 55 to 75 years showed that current smokers and ex-smokers had significant 1.96-fold and 1.86-fold risks of having more than 8 missing teeth, respectively. 16 That study also showed that ex-smokers who had smoked for 21 years or longer had a significantly higher risk of having more than 8 missing teeth, as compared with never smokers, and that the risk of having more than 8 missing teeth among ex-smokers who had stopped smoking for more than 21 years was equal to that of never smokers. 16 The present study showed that, as compared with never smokers, male ex-smokers aged 65 to 79 years, but not those aged 40 to 64 years, had a significantly higher risk of having 19 or fewer teeth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…16 That study also showed that ex-smokers who had smoked for 21 years or longer had a significantly higher risk of having more than 8 missing teeth, as compared with never smokers, and that the risk of having more than 8 missing teeth among ex-smokers who had stopped smoking for more than 21 years was equal to that of never smokers. 16 The present study showed that, as compared with never smokers, male ex-smokers aged 65 to 79 years, but not those aged 40 to 64 years, had a significantly higher risk of having 19 or fewer teeth. Mean number of smoking years was higher in men aged 65 to 79 years (29.3 years) than in men aged 40 to 64 years (20.8 years).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…7 , 12 – 15 In Japan, numerous studies have examined the association between smoking and tooth loss at all ages. 3 , 16 – 20 There have also been several studies on the associations of tooth loss with nutritional status 21 , 22 and educational level. 23 , 24 However, because most of those studies were conducted among elderly populations, there is little information on factors related to tooth loss in middle-aged populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors Related to Tooth Loss Among Community-Dwelling Middle-aged and Elderly Japanese Men

Ando

Ohsawa

Yaegashi

et al. 2013

Journal of Epidemiology

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BackgroundUsing data from a large-scale community-based Japanese population, we attempted to identify factors associated with tooth loss in middle-aged and elderly men.MethodsA total of 8352 men aged 40 to 79 years who lived in the north of the main island of Japan and underwent health checkups were enrolled between 2002 and 2005. Number of teeth was assessed by the question, “How many teeth do you have (0, 1–9, 10–19, or ≥20)?”. On the basis of the answer to this question, participants were classified into 2 groups (≤19 teeth or ≥20 teeth). Using multivariate logistic regression, factors related to having 19 or fewer teeth were estimated.ResultsThe numbers (percentages) of participants who had 0, 1 to 9, 10 to 19, and 20 or more teeth were 1764 (21.1%), 1779 (21.3%), 1836 (22.0%), and 2973 (35.6%), respectively. Among the participants overall and those aged 65 to 79 years, having 19 or fewer teeth was significantly associated with older age, smoking status (current smoking and ex-smoking), and low education level. In addition, men with 19 or fewer teeth were more likely to have a low body mass index and low serum albumin level and less likely to be current alcohol drinkers. Among men aged 40 to 64 years, but not men aged 65 to 79 years, those with 19 or fewer teeth were more likely to have a low serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level and high glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level.ConclusionsSmoking, low education level, and poor nutritional status were associated with tooth loss among middle-aged and elderly Japanese men.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors Related to Tooth Loss Among Community-Dwelling Middle-aged and Elderly Japanese Men

Ando

Ohsawa

Yaegashi

et al. 2013

Journal of Epidemiology

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“…In Japanese studies, 20 existing teeth or more was used as the definition of tooth loss [16,19,20], because '20 existing teeth till 80 years' was set as an objective of the national oral health promotion programme. A definition based on malfunction may more accurately reflect the risk of smoking than one lost tooth or total tooth loss.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causal assessment of smoking and tooth loss: A systematic review of observational studies

et al. 2011

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BackgroundTooth loss impairs oral function. The aim of the present review was to evaluate the causal association between smoking and tooth loss on the basis of high-quality studies.MethodsRelevant literature was searched and screened, and the methodological quality was assessed. Information on the strength of the association between smoking and tooth loss, the dose-response relationship and natural experimental data was collected and evaluated with respect to consistency and study design.ResultsOur literature search yielded 496 citations, and 6 cross-sectional and 2 cohort high-quality studies examining 58,755 subjects in four countries. All studies reported significant associations, although the strength of the association was usually moderate. Four studies reported dose-response relationships between exposure to smoking and the risk of developing tooth loss. A decrease in the risk of tooth loss for former smokers was evident in six studies. Interpretation of evidence for each element was consistent, despite some shortcomings regarding study type and population.ConclusionsBased on the consistent evidence found with the existing biological plausibility, a causal association between smoking and tooth loss is highly likely. Further studies using a cohort design and different populations are necessary to confirm this association.

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“…The ability of C. albicans to colonize, penetrate, and damage host tissues depends on an imbalance between C. albicans virulence factors and host defenses, often due to specific defects in the immune system (28, 29). C. albicans virulence factors and adherence to mucosal or artificial surfaces in the mouth have been extensively reviewed (30, 31).…”

Section: Attributes Of C Albicans That May Influence Oral Cancer Devmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting the association between candidal infection and carcinoma, particularly oral squamous cell carcinoma

Bakri

Hussaini

Holmes

et al. 2010

Journal of Oral Microbiology

116

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BackgroundTobacco and alcohol are risk factors associated with cancer of the upper aerodigestive tract, but increasingly the role of infection and chronic inflammation is recognized as being significant in cancer development. Bacteria, particularly Helicobacter pylori, and viruses such as members of the human papilloma virus family and hepatitis B and C are strongly implicated as etiological factors in certain cancers. There is less evidence for an association between fungi and cancer, although it has been recognized for many years that white patches on the oral mucosa, which are infected with Candida, have a greater likelihood of undergoing malignant transformation than those that are not infected.ObjectiveThis article reviews the association between the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma in potentially malignant oral lesions with chronic candidal infection and describes mechanisms that may be involved in Candida-associated malignant transformation.

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Relationship of smoking and smoking cessation with number of teeth present: JPHC Oral Health Study*

Cited by 30 publications

References 34 publications

Factors Related to Tooth Loss Among Community-Dwelling Middle-aged and Elderly Japanese Men

Factors Related to Tooth Loss Among Community-Dwelling Middle-aged and Elderly Japanese Men

Causal assessment of smoking and tooth loss: A systematic review of observational studies

Revisiting the association between candidal infection and carcinoma, particularly oral squamous cell carcinoma

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