Relationship of skeletal muscle fiber type to serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I levels

Tikkanen, Heikki; ̈nwn, Matti Ha ̈rko; Na¨veri, Hannu; ̈inen, E. Ha ̈ma ̈la; Elovainio, R.; Sarna, Seppo; Frick, M. H.

doi:10.1016/0021-9150(91)90243-v

Cited by 30 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The study showed a positive correlation between total duration of exposure to +Gz and HDL and Apo-A 1 concentrations, and an inverse correlation of blood serum TAG in group II in assay B of tests I and II. A relationship between type of muscular fibres and lipids was confirmed by the study of Tikkanen et al [13], which showed a positive correlation between ST muscle fibres and HDL level: r=0.57 at p<0.001, Apo-A 1 : r=0.60 at p<0.001, and an inverse correlation with TAG: r= -0.43 at p<0.001. This means that the skeletal muscles participating in straining maneuvers, especially the ST-type fibres, exert an effect on blood lipid levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Effect of centrifuge test on blood serum lipids index of cadet pilots

Wochyński

Kowalczuk

Kłossowski

et al. 2015

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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Introduction and objective. This study aimed at investigating the relationship between the lipid index (WS) in the examined cadets and duration of exposure to +Gz in the human centrifuge. Materials and methods. The study involved 19 first-year cadets of the Polish Air Force Academy in Dęblin. Tests in the human centrifuge were repeated twice, i.e. prior to (test I) and 45 days after (test II). After exposure to +Gz, the examined cadets were divided into 2 groups. Group I (N=11) included cadets subjected to a shorter total duration of exposure to +Gz, while group II (N=8) included cadets with a longer total duration of exposure to +Gz. Total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides (TG), and apolipoproteins A 1 and B were assayed in blood serum prior to (assay A) and after (assay B) both exposures to +Gz. Low density lipoprotein (LDL) level was estimated from the Friedewald formula. WS is an own mathematical algorithm. Results. WS was higher in group II, assay A -10.0 and B -10.08 of test I in the human centrifuge than in group I where the WS values were 6.91 and 6.96, respectively. WS was also higher in group II in assay A -10.0 and B -10.1 of test II in the human centrifuge than in group I -6.96 and 6.80, respectively. Conclusions. The higher value of WS in group II, both after the first and second exposure to +Gz in human centrifuge, in comparison with group I, indicated its usefulness for determination of the maximum capability of applying acceleration of the interval type during training in the human centrifuge.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Effect of centrifuge test on blood serum lipids index of cadet pilots

Wochyński

Kowalczuk

Kłossowski

et al. 2015

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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“…Their LTPA level varied from sedentary to regular jogging, but none was a competitive athlete. 17,23 None of the subjects used antihypertensive medication at baseline. At follow-up, in late 2002, an invitation to a new set of measurements went out to 74 subjects: 4 had died and 1 had moved abroad.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…23 The muscle samples were stained for actomyosin ATPase and preincubated at pH 4.3. 24 Type I and type II fibers can then be separated.…”

Section: Collection Of Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle Fiber-Type Distribution as a Predictor of Blood Pressure

2005

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Abstract-The known association between physical activity and low blood pressure may be influenced by inherited characteristics. Skeletal muscle consists of type I (slow-twitch) and type II (fast-twitch) muscle fibers, with proportions highly variable between individuals and mostly determined by genetic factors. A high percentage of type I fibers (type I%) has been associated with low blood pressure in cross-sectional studies. We investigated whether type I percentage predicts future blood pressure levels and explains part of the association between physical activity and blood pressure. At baseline, in 1984, muscle fiber-type distribution, physical activity, and body mass index (BMI) were determined in 64 healthy men (age, 32 to 58 years). At follow-up, in 2003, blood pressure, physical activity, and BMI were determined in these men. In subjects without antihypertensive medication (nϭ43), type I percentage accounted for 5%/18% of the variation in systolic/diastolic blood pressure. A high type I percentage predicted, independent of both baseline (in 1984) and follow-up (in 2003), physical activity, BMI, and low systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Adjusted for all baseline covariates, a 20-unit higher type I percentage predicted a 11.6-mm Hg lower systolic blood pressure (Pϭ0.018) and a 5.0-mm Hg lower diastolic blood pressure (Pϭ0.018). High levels of physical activity in 1984 predicted low diastolic blood pressure, but this association was lost when type I percentage was included into the model. A high proportion of type I fibers in skeletal muscle is an independent predictor of low blood pressure and explains part of the known association between high levels of physical activity and low blood pressure. Key Words: blood pressure Ⅲ exercise Ⅲ hypertension Ⅲ muscles H ypertension, an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, 1,2 shortens life expectancy. 3,4 Low blood pressure (BP) levels and reduced risk for hypertension are associated with leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and fitness. 5-8 These associations may, however, be influenced by inherited characteristics.BP is the product of cardiac output and total peripheral resistance. 9 Peripheral resistance, and thus also BP, is influenced by the properties of skeletal muscle, more specifically its percentage of type I fibers (type I%). 10 Skeletal muscle consists of type I (slow-twitch) and type II (fast-twitch) muscle fibers. The type I% in the vastus lateralis muscle (the muscle most commonly studied) is highly variable between individuals, ranging from 13% to 96%, with a population mean of Ϸ50%, 11 and is mostly determined by genetic factors. 12 Type I fibers have a higher oxidative capacity than type II fibers. 13 Muscle fiber-type proportions differ between elite athletes in various types of sports. Endurance sports athletes have a high type I%, but speed and power sports athletes have a preponderance of type II fibers. 14 -16 In nonathletes as well, high, mainly endurance-type, LTPA levels are associated with a high type I%. 17,18 Former e...

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“…Higher HDL cholesterol levels at baseline may be a marker for men genetically endowed with muscle fiber types that make running easier and thereby facilitate weight loss [21]. Specifically, the association between the initial HDL cholesterol levels at baseline and the distance run during the study may be due to (1) a greater ease of adopting long-distance running in men with a higher proportion of slow-twitch red muscle fibers [22,23]; (2) a higher concentration of lipoprotein lipase activity in slow-twitch red muscle fibers [24]; (3) a positive correlation between baseline HDL cholesterol concentrations and baseline postheparin lipoprotein lipase activity (which includes both adipose and muscle tissue lipase activity) [25,26]. Thus, baseline HDL cholesterol may predict compliance to weight loss by exercise.…”

Section: Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Higher HDL cholesterol levels at baseline may be a marker for men genetically endowed with muscle fiber types that make running easier and thereby facilitate weight loss [21]. Specifically, the association between the initial HDL cholesterol levels at baseline and the distance run during the study may be due to (1) a greater ease of adopting long-distance running in men with a higher proportion of slow-twitch red muscle fibers [22,23]; (2) . To our knowledge, muscle fiber composition is unlikely to affect the ease of restricting caloric intake and therefore should response to diet-induced weight loss.…”

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confidence: 99%

The effects of weight loss by exercise or by dieting on plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels in men with low, intermediate, and normal-to-high HDL at baseline

et al. 1994

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To assess whether baseline plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels affected the HDL response to weight loss, we examined lipoprotein changes in overweight men aged 30 to 59 years who were randomized to lose weight by exercise training (primarily running, N = 46) or by caloric restriction (ie, dieting, N = 42) or to remain sedentary, nondieting controls (N = 42) in a lyear study. In exercisers, absolute increases in HDL (mg/dL) were greatest in men with normal-tohigh baseline HDL and least in men with low baseline HDL. Specifically, when divided into groups of low (≤37 mg/dL), intermediate (38 to 47 mg/dL), and normal-to-high HDL cholesterol (≥48 mg/ dL) at baseline, the exercisers increased HDL cholesterol by 2.3 ± 1.9, 4.9 ±1.1, and 7.0 ± 1.3 mg/ dL, respectively; HDL 2 cholesterol by 0.8 ± 1.6, 2.3 ± 1.2, and 5.1 ± 1.3 mg/dL; and HDL 2 mass by 2.8 ± 5.1, 9.5 ± 8.9, and 31.7 ± 11.0 mg/dL. Relative increases in HDL cholesterol were more similar in the low (7.1% ± 6.l%), intermediate (12.4% ± 3.9%), and normal-to-high men (13.2% ± 4.0%). Regression analyses were performed to assess whether baseline HDL cholesterol was related to the amount of absolute HDL change per unit of weight loss. In exercisers, the increase in HDL 3 cholesterol concentrations was significantly greater in men with low HDL than in those with normalto-high HDL at entry (2.0 ± 0.8 v 0.2 ± 0.8 mg/dL per kg/m 2 lost). In contrast, the increase in HDL 2 cholesterol was nearly four times greater in men with normal-to-high HDL than in those with low HDL at entry (3.7 ± 0.7 vs. 1.0 ± 0.7 mg/dL per kg/m 2 lost). In dieters, weight loss significantly increased HDL cholesterol, HDL 2 cholesterol, and HDL 2 -mass after 1 year, but the absolute increases were unrelated to baseline HDL cholesterol level. Thus, exercise-induced weight loss, but not dietinduced weight loss, affects HDL cholesterol concentrations in men differently depending upon their entry level.Low plasma concentrations of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol are associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in men [1,2]. HDL cholesterol includes two major subfractions, HDL 2 and HDL 3 . The HDL 2 subfraction has a higher cholesterol content and is of lesser density than HDL 3 . Elevated concentrations of either subfraction may provide protection from CHD [2]. The National Cholesterol Education Program has identified low HDL cholesterol (≤35 mg/dL) as an important CHD risk factor [3]. Hygienic measures have been suggested for increasing HDL levels, yet it remains to be determined whether such measures will be effective in the very population that most needs the increase.Address reprint requests to Paul T Williams. PhD, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley CA. NIH Public Access Author ManuscriptMetabolism. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2010 May 5. Published in final edited form as:Metabolism. 1994 July ; 43(7): 917-924. NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author ManuscriptWe have previou...

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Relationship of skeletal muscle fiber type to serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I levels

Cited by 30 publications

References 47 publications

Effect of centrifuge test on blood serum lipids index of cadet pilots

Effect of centrifuge test on blood serum lipids index of cadet pilots

Muscle Fiber-Type Distribution as a Predictor of Blood Pressure

The effects of weight loss by exercise or by dieting on plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels in men with low, intermediate, and normal-to-high HDL at baseline

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