Relationship of serum estradiol and progesterone concentrations to the excretion profiles of their major urinary metabolites as measured by enzyme immunoassay and radioimmunoassay

Abstract

Paired daily blood and urine samples were collected from 10 apparently healthy premenopausal women to compare the hormone profiles of estradiol (E2) and progesterone in serum with those of estrone conjugates (E1Conj) and pregnanediol-3-glucuronide (PdG) in urine. Serum hormones were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) kits, whereas the urinary steroid metabolites were assessed by both RIA and enzyme immunoassay (EIA). RIA and EIA values for urinary E1Conj and PdG were not different, and both methods produced urinary profiles that paralleled the profile of the parent steroid in serum. However, the simplicity, flexibility, and economy of EIA will make this method more widely applicable. Mean E1Conj values lagged behind concentrations of serum E2 by one day or less, whereas daily urinary PdG profiles lagged behind serum progesterone by one to two days. Mean urinary profiles of E1Conj were similar whether or not creatinine was used to adjust for urine volume; however, creatinine indexing was beneficial when urinary profiles in individual cycles were compared with changes of serum E2.

Reproduction and Breeding of Nonhuman Primates

“…A 1.5-to 2.0-fold E 1 C increase above the mean early follicular baseline has been observed 2 to 3 days before the E 1 C peak, which occurs in the majority of M. fascicularis between Days 8 and 15 of the menstrual cycle (Behboodi et al, 1991). These results are similar to those reported for women (Munro et al, 1991). A single 2-hour mating before or the day of the E 1 C peak resulted in a conception rate of 38.6%, which is comparable to a 40% conception rate in contemporary controls mated every other day over a 5-day period during midcycle (three times).…”

“…ELISA, which may now be used for accurate measurement of CG in serum or urine in macaques (Munro et al, 1991), is a particularly valuable method for studies in which changes in CG concentrations may be relevant. In 2001, Shimizu et al (2001) reported on a noninstrumented ELISA for pregnancy detection in macaques that used a color change visible to the naked eye, similar to a human pregnancy test.…”

Tissue‐dependent changes in oxidative damage with male reproductive effort in house mice

“…Testosterone concentration was measured using enzyme immunoassay methods previously validated for mouse urine (Munro et al 1991;Muir et al 2001). Testosterone was obtained from Sigma chemicals, UK, and antibodies to testosterone and corresponding horseradish peroxidise conjugates from the Department of Population Health and Reproduction at the University of California, USA.…”

Medical Oophorectomy With and Without Estrogen Add‐Back Therapy in the Prevention of Migraine Headache

“…Estrone glucuronide is an inactive metabolite of estradiol and its urinary concentrations have been found to closely parallel serum concentrations. 17 Estrone glucuronide was measured by enzyme immunoassay using an estrone-conjugated horseradish peroxidase system as previously described. Urinary creatinine was measured by colorimetric methods.…”