Relationship of nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus to pathogenesis of perennial allergic rhinitis

Shiomori, Teruo; Shin'ichi, Yoshida; Miyamoto, Hiroshi; Makishima, Kazumi

doi:10.1067/mai.2000.104256

Cited by 103 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In the nasal airways, the presence of superantigen-producing S. aureus was found to be significantly higher in patients with perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR) compared with non-allergic controls [18]. PAR patients who were S. aureus positive experienced more nasal symptoms than their counterparts without S. aureus [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Specific immunoglobulin E for staphylococcal enterotoxins in nasal polyps from patients with aspirin‐intolerant asthma

Suh

Yoon

Sampson

et al. 2004

Clin Experimental Allergy

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SummaryBackground Nasal polyps infiltrated with eosinophils are commonly found in chronic asthmatic patients, more frequently in those with aspirin-intolerant asthma (AIA) than aspirin-tolerant asthma (ATA). Some studies have suggested a contribution of superantigens derived from Staphylococcus sp to nasal polyposis and eosinophilia, but their relative importance in AIA and ATA subjects is unknown. Objective We investigated whether local production of specific IgE to staphylococcal enterotoxins A and B (SEA and SEB) and relationships with markers of eosinophilic inflammation differ in the nasal polyps of AIA and ATA subjects. Methods Fifteen AIA subjects with positive responses to lysine-aspirin bronchoprovocation and 15 ATA subjects underwent polypectomy. Immunoassays were used to quantify eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), IL-5, mast cell tryptase, soluble IL-2 recepters (sIL-2R), total IgE, and specific IgE for SEA and SEB. Results ECP levels in nasal polyp homogenates were higher in AIA subjects than in ATA subjects (Po0.02), with no significant differences in tryptase, IL-5 or sIL-2R. Total IgE, and specific IgE to both SEA and SEB, were detectable in some nasal polyps from both subject groups, but median levels were markedly higher in AIA subjects than in ATA subjects (P 5 0.04, 0.01, 0.05, respectively). Levels of specific IgE to SEA and SEB correlated significantly with levels of ECP and IL-5, but not those of tryptase or sIL-2R. Conclusion These findings suggest that staphylococcal superantigens may drive local eosinophilic inflammation in nasal polyp tissue, and that this is exacerbated in subjects with AIA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When exposed to SEA in vitro, the peripheral blood lymphocytes of PAR patients proliferated to a greater extent than normal lymphocytes, and also generated significantly greater amounts of IL-4 and IL-5, in a dose-dependent manner [18]. IL-5 is a key cytokine for eosinophil differentiation, migration, activation and survival.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific immunoglobulin E for staphylococcal enterotoxins in nasal polyps from patients with aspirin‐intolerant asthma

Suh

Yoon

Sampson

et al. 2004

Clin Experimental Allergy

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“…Our mean sample size was within these numbers. [11] The Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for analyses of quantitative data and analytical methods (Kolmogorov-Simirnov/Shapiro-Wilk's test) to determine whether or not they are normally distributed. Chi-square and Fischer's exact tests were used for comparison of the three groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative analysis of Staphylococcal enterotoxin B expression and its levels in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyps

Gökdoğan¹

2017

Kulak Burun Bogaz Ihtis Derg

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Objectives: This study aims to investigate the presence and levels of Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) cases with or without nasal polyps. Patients and Methods:The study included 38 patients with CRS. Patients were divided into two groups as CRS group with nasal polyps (group A, n=18) and CRS group without nasal polyps (group B, n=20). The control group (group C) consisted of 15 patients. Staphylococcal enterotoxin B levels were measured in concha supernatants and serum samples in all three groups and in polyp tissues in group A by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis was used to reveal enterotoxin B gene expression in polyp and concha tissue samples. Results:Staphylococcal enterotoxin B levels were positive in 11 (78.6%) and 11 (55.0%) patients, and in one (6.7%) patient in group A, B, and C, respectively. A statistically significant difference was detected between groups in terms of SEB positivity (p<0.0001). When the numbers of SEB gene copies were compared between the groups, there were statistically significant differences between groups A and C (p<0.0001), and between groups B and C (p=0.002). Conclusion:Higher rates of SEB positivity in serum samples and higher numbers of SEB gene copies in concha samples indicate that Staphylococcal superantigens may be associated with CRS development.Keywords: Enterotoxin B; nasal polyp; rhinosinusitis; Staphylococcus aureus; superantigen. ÖZ Amaç: Bu çalışmada nazal polipi olan veya olmayan kronik rinosinüzit (KRS) olgularında Stafilokokal enterotoksin B (SEB) varlığı ve seviyesi araştırıldı.Hastalar ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya KRS'li 38 hasta dahil edildi. Hastalar nazal polipli KRS grubu (grup A, n=18) ve nazal polipsiz KRS grubu (grup B, n=20) olmak üzere iki gruba ayrıldı. Kontrol grubunu (grup C) 15 hasta oluşturdu. Stafilokokkal enterotoksin B seviyeleri enzim-bağımlı immünosorbent analiz kullanılarak her üç grupta konka süpernatantlarında ve serum örneklerinde ve grup A'da polip dokularında ölçüldü. Polip ve konka doku örneklerinde enterotoksin B gen ekspresyonunu ortaya koymak için gerçek zamanlı polimeraz zincir reaksiyon analizi kullanıldı.Bulgular: Grup A, B ve C'de SEB seviyeleri sırasıyla 11 (%78.6) ve 11 (%55) hastada ve bir (%6.7) hastada pozitif idi. Gruplar arasında SEB pozitifliği açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede farklılık saptandı (p<0.0001). Gruplar arasında SEB gen kopyası sayıları karşılaştırıldığında, grup A ile C arasında (p<0.0001) ve grup B ile C arasında (p=0.002) istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede farklılıklar vardı.Sonuç: Serum örneklerinde daha yüksek oranlarda SEB pozitifliği ve konka örneklerinde daha yüksek sayılarda SEB gen kopyası olması, Stafilokokal süperantijenlerin KRS gelişimi ile ilişkili olabileceğini gösterir.

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“…Additionally, patients with abundant expression of Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum at the time of endoscopic surgery had an optimal outcome, while patients with high S. aureus had a suboptimal outcome (35). Coherently, an increase in nasal S. aureus carriage and the presence of S. aureus enterotoxin-specific IgE antibodies have been described in the mucosa of CRSwNP subjects and perennial allergic rhinitis patients (33,37), and this is even higher in CRSwNP patients with asthma comorbidity and aspirin sensitivity. The further analysis on antibiotic-resistant bacteria in allergic rhinitis highlighted that an increase in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus burden provides an insight into the difficulty of eradicating the bacterium (38).…”

Section: The Prevalence Of Bacteria In the Airwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viruses and bacteria in Th2‐biased allergic airway disease

Feng

Zhang

Gevaert

et al. 2016

Allergy

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Allergic airway diseases are typically characterized by a type 2-biased inflammation. Multiple distinct viruses and bacteria have been detected in the airways. Recently, it has been confirmed that the microbiome of allergic individuals differs from that of healthy subjects, showing a close relationship with the type 2 response in allergic airway disease. In this review, we summarize the recent findings on the prevalence of viruses and bacteria in type 2-biased airway diseases and on the mechanisms employed by viruses and bacteria in propagating type 2 responses. The understanding of the microbial composition and postinfectious immune programming is critical for the reconstruction of the normal microflora and immune status in allergic airway diseases.

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Relationship of nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus to pathogenesis of perennial allergic rhinitis

Cited by 103 publications

References 29 publications

Specific immunoglobulin E for staphylococcal enterotoxins in nasal polyps from patients with aspirin‐intolerant asthma

Specific immunoglobulin E for staphylococcal enterotoxins in nasal polyps from patients with aspirin‐intolerant asthma

Quantitative analysis of Staphylococcal enterotoxin B expression and its levels in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyps

Viruses and bacteria in Th2‐biased allergic airway disease

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