Relationship of liver fat content with systemic metabolism and chronic complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Objective This study investigated the correlation of liver fat content (LFC) with metabolic characteristics and its association with chronic complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Methods Eighty-one prospectively enrolled T2DM patients were divided into non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) group and the non-NAFLD group according to the presence of NAFL complications. LFC was determined by MRI IDEAL-IQ Sequence, and patients were divided into 4 groups according to LFC by quartile method. Basic information, metabolic indexes, and occurrence of chronic complications in different groups were analyzed and compared. Results BMI, SBP, DBP, TG, ALT, AST, GGT, UA, HbA1c, FCP, 2 h CP, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-IS in the NAFLD group were significantly higher than the non-NAFLD group (P < 0.05). The incidences of chronic complications in the NAFLD group were higher than in the non-NAFLD group but not statistically significant (P > 0.05). BMI, SBP, DBP, TC, TG, ALT, AST, FCP, 2 h CP, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-IS showed significant differences between the patients with different LFC, and these indexes were significantly higher in patients with higher LFC than those with lower LFC (P < 0.05). Moreover, diabetes duration, TC, HOMA-IR, and LFC were the risk factors for ASCVD complications, while diabetes duration, TG, and LDL-C were risk factors for DN complications. Also, diabetes duration and SBP were risk factors for both DR and DPN complications in T2DM patients (P < 0.05). Conclusion LFC is positively correlated with the severity of the systemic metabolic disorder and chronic complications in T2DM patients.

The mediating role of HbA1c in the association between elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and diabetic peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

“…Hyperglycemia is one of the most important factors related to diabetic complication [ 28 , 29 ]. Diabetes duration is known to be one risk factor for DPN in T2DM individuals [ 30 ]. In this research, we observed increased levels of HbA1c in T2DM participants with peripheral neuropathy.…”

Non-Invasive Diagnostic of NAFLD in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Risk Stratification: Strengths and Limitations

“…LFC showed a significant correlation with the severity of metabolic disturbances in patients with T2DM and was identified as a risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. An increase in LFC puts diabetic patients at higher risk for metabolic disturbances and chronic complications, which demonstrates the importance of accurate steatosis grading and early therapeutic interventions [143].…”

Retinal Vascular Lesions in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Of those, 20 were carried out in Asia [18,20−23,26,28,30,35,37−40,44−50], 14 in Europe [11,12,19,24,25,29,31−34,36,41−43] and 2 in America [13,27]. A total of 30 were reported as cross-sectional [11−13,19,20,22−34,37−39,41−44,46−50], 4 as case-control [18,35,36,45] and 2 as cohort studies [21,40]. A total of 32 were performed on patients with DM [11,12,18 [11,12,[42][43][44]49] and 2 reported on a mixed diabetic population [25,40], while in 1 article, the type of diabetes was not clarified [37].…”

“…Of those, 20 were carried out in Asia [18,[20][21][22][23]26,28,30,35,[37][38][39][40][44][45][46][47][48][49][50], 14 in Europe [11,12,19,24,25,29,[31][32][33][34]36,[41][42][43] and 2 in America [13,27]. A total of 30 were reported as cross-sectional [11][12][13]19,20,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]…”

“…The difference between groups regarding the risk of retinopathy remained non-significant in all these analyses (Figure S2). Heterogeneity among studies also remained high in all the analyses (I 2 = 94%, p < 0.00001; I 2 = 95%, p < [11,12,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24]26,27,[29][30][31][32][33][34][35]38,39,[41][42][43][44][45][46][47]49,50]; (b) the main method used for the diagnosis of retinopathy (fundoscopy and fundus photography) [11][12][13]18,19,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][32][33][34]36,…”