Relationship of Leishmania-specific IgG levels and IgG avidity with parasite density and clinical signs in canine leishmaniasis

Neto, Rafael Gonçalves Teixeira; Giunchetti, Rodolfo Cordeiro; Carneiro, Cláudia Martins; Vitor, Ricardo Wagner de Almeida; Coura‐Vital, Wendel; Quaresma, Patrícia Flávia; Ker, Henrique Gama; Melo, Lutiana Amaral de; Gontijo, Célia Maria Ferreira; Reis, Alexandre Barbosa

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.01.023

Cited by 38 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The tendency towards higher co-positivity percentages in symptomatic dogs compared with asymptomatic dogs, which was consistently observed in this study, agrees with the literature for several diagnostic tests 2,3,[34][35][36][37][38][39] . Depending on the assay, this may be related to higher antibody titers or to higher parasite loads in clinically ill dogs 2 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Epidemiological factors associated with seropositivity for toxoplasmosis in pregnant women from Gurupi, State of Tocantins, Brazil

Silva

Câmara

Vinaud

et al. 2014

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction: Dogs play a primary role in the zoonotic cycle of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Therefore, the accurate diagnosis of infected dogs, primarily asymptomatic dogs, is crucial to the effi ciency of VL control programs. Methods: We investigated the agreement of four diagnostic tests for canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL): parasite detection, either after myeloculture or by direct microscopic examination of tissue imprints; kinetoplast-deoxyribonucleic acid-polymerase chain reaction (kDNA-PCR); and an immunochromatographic test (ICT). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and an indirect immunofl uorescence test (IFAT), both of which were adopted as part of the screening-culling program in Brazil, were used as reference tests. Our sample set consisted of 44 seropositive dogs, 25 of which were clinically asymptomatic and 19 were symptomatic for CVL according to ELISA-IFAT. Results: The highest and lowest test co-positivities were observed for ICT (77.3%) and myeloculture (58.1%), respectively. When analyzed together, the overall percentage of co-positive tests was signifi cantly higher for the symptomatic group compared to the asymptomatic group. However, only ICT was signifi cantly different based on the results of a separate analysis per test for each group of dogs. The majority (93.8%) of animals exhibited at least one positive test result, with an average of 2.66 positive tests per dog. Half of the symptomatic dogs tested positive for all four tests administered. Conclusions:The variability between test results reinforces the need for more effi cient and reliable methods to accurately diagnose canine VL, particularly in asymptomatic animals.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Epidemiological factors associated with seropositivity for toxoplasmosis in pregnant women from Gurupi, State of Tocantins, Brazil

Silva

Câmara

Vinaud

et al. 2014

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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“…Many studies [4, 5] report that high levels of antibodies production are associated with the presence of clinical signs such as epistaxis, proteinuria, polyuria, polydipsia, uveitis, and skin ulcers because of the deposition of soluble immune complexes in organs and tissues [3, 6]. Several authors [5, 7, 8] evaluated the profile of anti- Leishmania antibodies in dogs with different clinical forms of visceral leishmaniasis using methods not easily obtainable in clinical practice. The immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) is one of the most commonly used techniques [9] for detection of anti- Leishmania antibodies and is recommended by World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) as the reference serological method [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship betweenLeishmaniaIFAT Titer and Clinicopathological Manifestations (Clinical Score) in Dogs

Proverbio

Spada

Giorgi

et al. 2014

BioMed Research International

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During canine leishmaniasis (CanL) due to Leishmania infantum, high levels of antibodies production are associated with the presence of various clinical signs, because of the deposition of soluble immune complexes in organs and tissues. The immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) is one of the most commonly used techniques for detection of anti-Leishmania antibodies. The purpose of this study was to assess whether there is a correlation between clinical signs and IFAT titers in dogs naturally infected with Leishmania. A retrospective study was performed on medical records of 49 dogs diagnosed with CanL. Information extracted from the medical records of each dog with CanL was clinical score, IFAT titer, serum total protein (TP), gamma globulin (IgG) and creatinine concentration, and protein creatinine ratio in urine sample (UP/UC) at each follow-up examination. Results show that dogs with highest IFAT titers recorded had higher mean clinical scores indicating a positive relationship (P < 0.0001) between anti-Leishmania antibodies (IgG) and clinical manifestations, which becomes more evident in severe clinical forms of canine leishmaniasis. Higher TP and IgG serum concentrations were recorded in dogs with higher clinical scores. Significant association was observed between UP/UC and the IFAT titer (P = 0.004).

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“…Reis et al reported increase in IgG1 levels associated with the asymptomatic clinical presentation and poor tissue parasitic load, while the symptomatic clinical form would be characterized by high parasitic load and high levels of anti-Leishmania IgG, IgG2, IgM, IgA, and IgE [73,74]. Teixeira-Neto et al reported similar results, with symptomatic dogs demonstrating high levels of anti-Leishmania IgG2 antibodies, whereas the asymptomatic showed higher IgG1 titles, when compared to IgG2 [93]. Production of IFN-γ is associated with the production of IgG1 [94], which may indicate a Th1 response profile.…”

Section: Lymphocytesmentioning

confidence: 90%

Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis in Brazil

Melo¹,

Silva²,

Silva³

et al. 2016

Canine Medicine - Recent Topics and Advanced Research

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Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a disease caused by a protozoon belonging to the genus Leishmania, and it is transmitted through the bite of sand flies. Endemic regions have widened, and canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) occurs mainly in the Mediterranean region and South America. There is no consensus on the risk factors associated with CVL, as results differ between the studied regions and countries. This chapter describes the main aspects of epidemiology, immunology, clinical signs, diagnosis treatment, and control of canine visceral leishmaniasis with emphasis on Brazil.

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Relationship of Leishmania-specific IgG levels and IgG avidity with parasite density and clinical signs in canine leishmaniasis

Cited by 38 publications

References 42 publications

Epidemiological factors associated with seropositivity for toxoplasmosis in pregnant women from Gurupi, State of Tocantins, Brazil

Epidemiological factors associated with seropositivity for toxoplasmosis in pregnant women from Gurupi, State of Tocantins, Brazil

Relationship betweenLeishmaniaIFAT Titer and Clinicopathological Manifestations (Clinical Score) in Dogs

Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis in Brazil

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