Relationship of IQ to Suicide and Homicide Rate: An International Perspective

Templer, Donald I.; Connelly, Heather Joy; Lester, David; Arikawa, Hiroko; Mancuso, Leah

doi:10.2466/pr0.100.1.108-112

Cited by 24 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Positive ecologic correlations of these variables were found in all cross-national studies on this topic (Lester, 2003;Voracek, 2004Voracek, , 2005aVoracek, , 2006bVoracek, , 2007dTempler, Connelly, Lester, Arikawa, & Mancuso, 2007), whereas one study which investigated national rates of suicide ideas, plans, and attempts (Voracek, 2 0 0 7~) yielded inconclusive results. Positive ecologic correlations of these variables were found in all cross-national studies on this topic (Lester, 2003;Voracek, 2004Voracek, , 2005aVoracek, , 2006bVoracek, , 2007dTempler, Connelly, Lester, Arikawa, & Mancuso, 2007), whereas one study which investigated national rates of suicide ideas, plans, and attempts (Voracek, 2 0 0 7~) yielded inconclusive results.…”

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confidence: 97%

Cross-National Social Ecology of Intelligence and Suicide Prevalence: Integration, Refinement, and Update of Studies

Voracek

2008

Percept Mot Skills

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This study integrates, refines, and updates previous findings pertaining to positive ecologic (population-level) associations between intelligence and suicide prevalence across nations by using corrected and revised national IQ estimates and, further, a quality-of-human-conditions index, both recently published by Lynn and Vanhanen. Across a global 85-nation sample of sex-specific total suicide rates and a Eurasian 48-nation sample of sex-specific elderly suicide rates, these were positively associated with updated national IQ estimates. The associations were stronger for the general population than for elderly persons, independent of the quality of human conditions, and notedly stronger in exponential fitting of suicide rates with national IQ than in linear fitting, thereby indicating that shifts or differences in national IQ correspond to proportional, not absolute, changes in suicide rates. Implications of these findings and the question of generalizability of such associations to the individual level are discussed.

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confidence: 97%

Cross-National Social Ecology of Intelligence and Suicide Prevalence: Integration, Refinement, and Update of Studies

Voracek

2008

Percept Mot Skills

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“…The latter source also provided the covariate used in the analysis, i.e., a composite index of the quality of human conditions in these countries, comprised of gross national income per capita measured at purchasing power parity, adult literacy rate, gross tertiary enrollment ratio, life expectancy at birth, and level of democratization. Seen in an international perspective, suicide prevalence has many correlates, of which affluence and the general living conditions are of particular importance (see Lester, 2003;Voracek, 2004Voracek, , 2005aTempler, et al, 2007). The quality of human conditions index was therefore used as a control.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One limitation of the existing cross-national studies on the link between intelligence and suicide prevalence (Lester, 2003;Voracek, 2004Voracek, , 2005aVoracek, , 2006b2007b;Templer, et al, 2007) is that they relied on the single available source for national I Q (Lynn & Vanhanen, 2002;revised and updated: Lynn & Vanhanen, 2006). Clearly, it would be good to test the replicability of this evidence with alternative measures for national intelligence that are independent of Lynn and Vanhanen's estimates, as such replications are essential to establish the phenomenon securely.…”

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confidence: 99%

National Intelligence and Suicide Rate across Europe: An Alternative Test Using Educational Attainment Data

Voracek

2007

Psychol Rep

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National mean scores on a historical knowledge test (taken as a proxy for intelligence), stemming from representative samples of male (and female) 9th-grade school students from 26 European countries in a 1999 report by Wilberg and Lynn, were significantly positively associated with the national male (and female) suicide rates, independent of the general quality-of-living conditions in these countries. This finding replicates previous evidence from cross-national studies (by Lester and by Voracek), of a correspondence of higher national IQ to higher suicide rates, with an alternative measure of national IQ that is independent of the national IQ estimates recently published by Lynn and Vanhanen which have been used in prior studies.

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“…However there is still some debate concerning the most appropriate person to deliver the service e.g. midwife versus other health professional [12,13]. …”

Section: Smoking - the Public Health Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using a realist approach to evaluate smoking cessation interventions targeting pregnant women and young people

Douglas

Gray

Teijlingen

2010

BMC Health Serv Res

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BackgroundThis paper describes a study protocol designed to evaluate a programme of smoking cessation interventions targeting pregnant women and young people living in urban and rural locations in Northeast Scotland. The study design was developed on so-called 'realist' evaluation principles, which are concerned with the implementation of interventions as well as their outcomes.Methods/designA two-phased study was designed based on the Theory of Change (TOC) using mixed methods to assess both process and outcome factors. The study was designed with input from the relevant stakeholders. The mixed-methods approach consists of semi-structured interviews with planners, service providers, service users and non-users. These qualitative interviews will be analysed using a thematic framework approach. The quantitative element of the study will include the analysis of routinely collected data and specific project monitoring data, such as data on service engagement, service use, quit rates and changes in smoking status.DiscussionThe process of involving key stakeholders was conducted using logic modelling and TOC tools. Engaging stakeholders, including those responsible for funding, developing and delivering, and those intended to benefit from interventions aimed at them, in their evaluation design, are considered by many to increase the validity and rigour of the subsequent evidence generated. This study is intended to determine not only the components and processes, but also the possible effectiveness of this set of health interventions, and contribute to the evidence base about smoking cessation interventions aimed at priority groups in Scotland. It is also anticipated that this study will contribute to the ongoing debate about the role and challenges of 'realist' evaluation approaches in general, and the utility of logic modelling and TOC approaches in particular, for evaluation of complex health interventions.

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Relationship of IQ to Suicide and Homicide Rate: An International Perspective

Cited by 24 publications

References 11 publications

Cross-National Social Ecology of Intelligence and Suicide Prevalence: Integration, Refinement, and Update of Studies

Cross-National Social Ecology of Intelligence and Suicide Prevalence: Integration, Refinement, and Update of Studies

National Intelligence and Suicide Rate across Europe: An Alternative Test Using Educational Attainment Data

Using a realist approach to evaluate smoking cessation interventions targeting pregnant women and young people

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