Relationship of Heart Rate Variability to Parasympathetic Effect

Goldberger, Jeffrey J.; Challapalli, Sridevi; Tung, Roderick; Parker, Michele; Kadish, Alan H.

doi:10.1161/01.cir.103.15.1977

Cited by 259 publications

(258 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In addition, the HRV response to parasympathetic tone decreases with age. 20 Baseline HF tends to be higher, and the LF, VLF and LF/HF ratio tend to be lower, among non-dippers who remain non-dippers in comparison with dippers who remain dippers; nevertheless, the tests do not reach statistical significance. This observation suggests that the non-dipper phenomenon is more deleterious in terms of withinsubject autonomic nervous activity changes (variation across time) than between-subject changes (variation at a given time) in this study population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Autonomic nervous system activity is independently associated with the risk of shift in the non-dipper blood pressure pattern

et al. 2010

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An insufficient decrease in nocturnal blood pressure (BP) is a known factor in cardiovascular mortality. We aimed to determine whether autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity and its change over 2 years were associated with a shift to non-dipper status, independently of initial BP, in a general elderly population. From participants in the PROOF study, 600 subjects untreated for hypertension were selected (age at baseline: 65 years, men: 41.5%). Dipper/non-dipper status was defined using repeated measures of 24-h ambulatory BP at baseline and 2 years later. ANS activity was evaluated on the basis of 24-h heart rate variability at both examinations. Among the 454 dipper subjects at baseline, 26.2% became non-dippers. Multivariate analysis showed that a +1 between-subject s.d. increase in the very low frequency at baseline was associated with a decreased odds ratio for the shift to non-dipper status 2 years later (OR¼0.61 [0.41-0.91], P¼0.02). The within-subject change between the two measurements of day and night systolic BP and day diastolic BP also contributed significantly to the risk of shift to non-dipper status. Our results suggest that impaired ANS activity precedes an insufficient decrease in nocturnal BP independent of hypertension status. Keywords: ambulatory blood pressure; heart rate variability; non-dipper; sympathetic nervous activity INTRODUCTION An insufficient decrease in nocturnal blood pressure (BP) (nondipping) is recognized as a marker of end-organ damage and a predictor of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality, independently of hypertension status. 1-3 Our understanding of the pathophysiologic factors that may be involved in the mechanisms of the circadian variation of BP and the non-dipping pattern remains incomplete. Among the suspected determinants, autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity is shown to be associated with arterial BP level and involved in the control of the circadian variation of BP. 4,5 Previous cross-sectional studies have shown that ANS activity, evaluated by heart rate variability (HRV), was reduced in non-dipper, untreated hypertensive subjects. 6,7 A possible explanation of the nocturnal decrease in BP is that it results from a reduction of sympathetic nervous activity and impaired circadian rhythm in sympatho-vagal balance during sleep. 8,9 We aimed to assess whether ANS activity indices and their changes over 2 years, as evaluated by 24-h HRV, were associated with a shift to non-dipper status among subjects identified as dippers at study entry in a general elderly population not treated for hypertension.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Autonomic nervous system activity is independently associated with the risk of shift in the non-dipper blood pressure pattern

et al. 2010

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“…This phenomenon may be observed in sedentary individuals after initiating systematic physical activities [31,32]. The authors' hypothesis is that these variations should be due to decreased vagal stimulation, characterized by sympathetic and parasympathetic reorganization, regardless of the exercise intensity level [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psyhical effort, energy expediture, and motivation in structured and unstructured active video games: a randomized controlled trial

Gomes¹,

Perrier-Melo²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2019

Hum Mov.

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Purpose. The goals of the study were: a) to compare the way that two types of active video games (AVG) influenced physical effort and motivation in young adults; b) to compare direct and indirect instruments and use an indirect instrument (heart rate analysis) as a practical tool to verify physical effort in AVGs. Methods. Initially, 16 healthy but physically inactive young adult males with no AVGs experience took part in the randomized control trial. After the baseline assessments of blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and aerobic capacity (AE), the participants were randomized into two groups: structured AVG (n = 6) and unstructured AVG (n = 7) (3 dropouts). They played 3 sessions a week, during 6 weeks. Direct and indirect metabolic measurements were made. To compare direct and indirect AE, Student t-test was used for related samples. changes (group × time) in HR, perceived exertion (PE), calculated energy expenditure (EE), calculated metabolic equivalent (MET), and motivation (points) were assessed with the two-way analysis of variance. Results. There were no differences between direct and indirect AE (36.0 ± 5.2 vs 33.9 ± 6.0 ml/kg/min: unstructured; 39.0 ± 5.9 vs 37.7 ± 5.9 ml/kg/min; p > 0.05). No differences were observed in maximal HR, PE, or motivation (p > 0.05). Statistically significant differences referred to average HR, MET, and EE over the sessions (p < 0.05). HR and EE values were higher in structured than in unstructured AVGs. conclusions. HR and EE responses of structured AVGs turned out higher than those of unstructured AVGs, and the measurements proved efficient to analyse physical effort in AVGs in a long-term perspective.

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“…We suggest that sports bradycardia in nine of our runners (HR < 60 beats ⋅ min -1 ) may explain the discrepancies between correlations calculated from Ln RMSSD and resting HR. Specifically, low resting HR in elite athletes (below 50 beats ⋅ min -1 ) has been linked with the HF power saturation phenomenon (Goldberger, Challapalli, Tung, Parker, & Kadish, 2001;Kiviniemi, Hautala, Kinnunen, & Tulppo, 2007;Plews et al, 2013). This saturation phenomenon has been shown to be responsible for masking the true vagal contribution to HR regulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart rate variability recovery after a skyrunning marathon and correlates of performance

Mertová¹,

Botek²,

Krejčí³

et al. 2017

Acta Gymnica

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Relationship of Heart Rate Variability to Parasympathetic Effect

Cited by 259 publications

References 31 publications

Autonomic nervous system activity is independently associated with the risk of shift in the non-dipper blood pressure pattern

Autonomic nervous system activity is independently associated with the risk of shift in the non-dipper blood pressure pattern

Psyhical effort, energy expediture, and motivation in structured and unstructured active video games: a randomized controlled trial

Heart rate variability recovery after a skyrunning marathon and correlates of performance

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