Relationship of growth cessation with the formation of diferulate cross-links and p -coumaroylated lignins in tall fescue leaf blades

MacAdam, Jennifer W.; Grabber, John H.

doi:10.1007/s00425-002-0812-7

Cited by 96 publications

(85 citation statements)

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“…As thioacidolysis is not aimed at the quantitative cleavage of ester bonds, the amounts of pCA and FA were only considered comparatively. In grass cell walls, most p-coumarate accretion occurs with lignification (Musel et al, 1997;MacAdam and Grabber, 2002). In our analyses, the thioacidolysisreleased pCA ranged between 0.3 and 6 mmol g 21 of dried leaf samples (Fig.…”

Section: Relation Between Comt and Lignification Profilesmentioning

confidence: 49%

Water Deficits Affect Caffeate O-Methyltransferase, Lignification, and Related Enzymes in Maize Leaves. A Proteomic Investigation

et al. 2005

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Drought is a major abiotic stress affecting all levels of plant organization and, in particular, leaf elongation. Several experiments were designed to study the effect of water deficits on maize (Zea mays) leaves at the protein level by taking into account the reduction of leaf elongation. Proteomic analyses of growing maize leaves allowed us to show that two isoforms of caffeic acid/ 5-hydroxyferulic 3-O-methyltransferase (COMT) accumulated mostly at 10 to 20 cm from the leaf point of insertion and that drought resulted in a shift of this region of maximal accumulation toward basal regions. We showed that this shift was due to the combined effect of reductions in growth and in total amounts of COMT. Several other enzymes involved in lignin and/or flavonoid synthesis (caffeoyl-CoA 3-O-methyltransferase, phenylalanine ammonia lyase, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, and several isoforms of S-adenosyl-L-methionine synthase and methionine synthase) were highly correlated with COMT, reinforcing the hypothesis that the zone of maximal accumulation corresponds to a zone of lignification. According to the accumulation profiles of the enzymes, lignification increases in leaves of control plants when their growth decreases before reaching their final size. Lignin levels analyzed by thioacidolysis confirmed that lignin is synthesized in the region where we observed the maximal accumulation of these enzymes. Consistent with the levels of these enzymes, we found that the lignin level was lower in leaves of plants subjected to water deficit than in those of well-watered plants.Drought is one of the major environmental factors decreasing plant productivity. It affects various metabolic processes but has scarcely been related to lignin biosynthesis. Lignin is a major polymer of plant cell walls that confers hydrophobicity and mechanical strength to the walls of conducting vessels to withstand the negative pressure generated by transpiration. Its variability has been comprehensively reviewed (Boudet et al

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Section: Relation Between Comt and Lignification Profilesmentioning

confidence: 49%

Water Deficits Affect Caffeate O-Methyltransferase, Lignification, and Related Enzymes in Maize Leaves. A Proteomic Investigation

et al. 2005

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“…Further studies confirmed this fact (Sanchez et al 1996;MacAdam and Grabber 2002) and additionally showed that the proportion of different diferulic isomers varied according to the plant species (Ralph et al 1994). Growth and cell wall extensibility are therefore inversely correlated with the increase in the content of diferulic acids in the cell wall (Sanchez et al 1996;Kawamura et al 2000;MacAdam and Grabber 2002).…”

Section: Diferulic Bonds and Extensin Networkmentioning

confidence: 72%

Peroxidases have more functions than a Swiss army knife

et al. 2005

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Plant peroxidases (class III peroxidases) are present in all land plants. They are members of a large multigenic family. Probably due to this high number of isoforms, and to a very heterogeneous regulation of their expression, plant peroxidases are involved in a broad range of physiological processes all along the plant life cycle. Due to two possible catalytic cycles, peroxidative and hydroxylic, peroxidases can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) ( • OH, HOO• ), polymerise cell wall compounds, and regulate H 2 O 2 levels. By modulating their activity and expression following internal and external stimuli, peroxidases are prevalent at every stage of plant growth, including the demands that the plant meets in stressful conditions. These multifunctional enzymes can build a rigid wall or produce ROS to make it more flexible; they can prevent biological and chemical attacks by raising physical barriers or by counterattacking with a large production of ROS; they can be involved in a more peaceful symbiosis. They are finally present from the first hours of a plant's life until its last moments. Although some functions look paradoxical, the whole process is probably regulated by a fine-tuning that has yet to be elucidated. This review will discuss the factors that can influence this delicate balance.Keywords Evolution . ROS . (abiotic and biotic) stress . Cell wall loosening and cross-linking . Senescence . Fruit ripening . Symbiosis Multigenic family, evolution and homologyHeme peroxidases specific to plants belong to a superfamily that contains three different classes of peroxidases Communicated by P. Kumar

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“…Moreover, exposure of maize to salinity or drought causes an increase in the antioxidant capacity of the leaf and thereby restricts cell expansion (Bernstein et al, 2010;Kravchik and Bernstein, 2013;Avramova et al, 2015). Then again, an increase in ROS levels also can result in a restriction of cell growth under abiotic stress conditions (MacAdam and Grabber, 2002;Simonovicova et al, 2004), indicating that ROS have a dual role in the regulation of cell expansion. Still, ROS homeostasis does not act alone, as abiotic stresses like salinity, drought, or osmotic stress all interfere with the water balance and cause a reduction in cell turgor, which affects the mechanical power of the cell to expand (Schopfer, 2006).…”

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confidence: 99%