Relationship of diet to the fatty acid composition of human adipose tissue structural and stored lipids

Field, Catherine J.; Ángel, A.; Clandinin, M. T.

doi:10.1093/ajcn/42.6.1206

Cited by 148 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…For example, the calf adipose depot contains more palmitoleic acid (6%) than the trapezius (3%), perirenal (4%), and mesenteric (4%) depots (49). Also, palmitoleate in subcutaneous adipose tissue in the upper arm and thigh is more abundant than in abdominal subcutaneous fat (50)(51)(52)(53)(54)(55). Interestingly, the content of palmitoleic acid in adipose tissue decreases with age.…”

Section: Where Is Palmitoleate Hidden?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of the Novel Lipokine Palmitoleic Acid in Health and Disease

Frigolet

Gutiérrez-Aguilar

2017

Advances in Nutrition

183

143

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The monounsaturated fatty acid palmitoleate (palmitoleic acid) is one of the most abundant fatty acids in serum and tissues, particularly adipose tissue and liver. Its endogenous production by stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 gives rise to its cis isoform, cis-palmitoleate. Although trans-palmitoleate is also synthesized in humans, it is mainly found as an exogenous source in ruminant fat and dairy products. Recently, palmitoleate was considered to be a lipokine based on evidence demonstrating its release from adipose tissue and its metabolic effects on distant organs. After this finding, research has been performed to determine whether palmitoleate has beneficial effects on metabolism and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Thus, the aim of this work was to review the current status of knowledge about palmitoleate, its metabolism, and its influence on metabolic abnormalities. Results have shown mixed cardiovascular effects, direct or inverse correlations with obesity, and hepatosteatosis, but a significant amelioration or prevention of insulin resistance and diabetes. Finally, the induction of palmitoleate release from adipose tissue, dietary intake, and its supplementation are all interventions with a potential impact on certain metabolic diseases. Adv Nutr 2017;8(Suppl):173S-81S.

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Section: Where Is Palmitoleate Hidden?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of the Novel Lipokine Palmitoleic Acid in Health and Disease

Frigolet

Gutiérrez-Aguilar

2017

Advances in Nutrition

183

143

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“…The importance of dietary fat composition as a determinant of serum and adipose tissue FA composition has been investigated [6,7]. Quantity of dietary fat has recently been considered with regard to the composition of circulating FAs [3][4][5], particularly saturated FAs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of specific fatty acids contributes to VLDL-triacylglycerol composition in humans with and without type 2 diabetes

et al. 2009

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Aims/hypothesis It is recommended that patients with diabetes reduce their intake of saturated fat and increase their intake of monounsaturated fat or carbohydrate. However, high-carbohydrate diets may result in higher saturated fatty acids in VLDL-triacylglycerol. This is attributed to de novo lipogenesis, although synthesis of specific fatty acids is rarely measured. The objective of this study was to examine the contribution of de novo fatty acid synthesis to VLDL-triacylglycerol composition. It was hypothesised that levels of total and de novo synthesised fatty acids would increase with increased carbohydrate intake in diabetic participants. Methods Seven individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and seven matched non-diabetic controls consumed two diets differing in fat energy (lower fat <25%, higher fat >35%) for 3 days in a randomised crossover design. Blood samples were drawn before and 24 h after the ingestion of 2 H-labelled water. ResultsIn the control participants, the higher-fat diet resulted in a 40% reduction in VLDL-triacylglycerol fatty acids because of decreases in myristic, palmitic, palmitoleic and linoleic acids, but the opposite trend occurred in participants with diabetes. The lower-fat diet increased the fractional synthesis rate by 35% and 25% in the control and diabetes participants, respectively (range: 0-33%). Palmitate accounted for 71% of fatty acids synthesised (range: 44-84% total de novo synthesised fatty acids). Conclusions/interpretation 2 H incorporation was used for the first time in humans showing variability in the synthesis rate of specific fatty acids, even palmitic acid. A lower-fat diet stimulated saturated fatty acid synthesis at high rates, but no net stimulation of synthesis of any fatty acid occurred in the diabetes group. The implications of this finding for our understanding of lipid metabolism in diabetes require further investigation.

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“…Differences in adipose tissue composition reported between racial groups, infant vs. adult and gender rapidly disappear when a diet of similar fatty acid composition is consumed (Damsgaard et al, 2013;Field et al, 1985). This section describes the lipid composition of fat cells categorized as structural lipids (i.e.…”

Section: Composition Of Adipose Tissue In Structural and Storage Lipidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of bioactive lipid mediators in obese adipose tissue inflammation and endocrine dysfunction

Lopategi

López‐Vicario

Alcaraz‐Quiles

et al. 2016

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology

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a b s t r a c tWhite adipose tissue is recognized as an active endocrine organ implicated in the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis. However, adipose tissue function, which has a crucial role in the development of obesity-related comorbidities including insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, is dysregulated in obese individuals. This review explores the physiological functions and molecular actions of bioactive lipids biosynthesized in adipose tissue including sphingolipids and phospholipids, and in particular fatty acids derived from phospholipids of the cell membrane. Special emphasis is given to polyunsaturated fatty acids of the omega-6 and omega-3 families and their conversion to bioactive lipid mediators through the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways. The participation of omega-3-derived lipid autacoids in the resolution of adipose tissue inflammation and in the prevention of obesity-associated hepatic complications is also thoroughly discussed.

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Relationship of diet to the fatty acid composition of human adipose tissue structural and stored lipids

Cited by 148 publications

References 31 publications

The Role of the Novel Lipokine Palmitoleic Acid in Health and Disease

The Role of the Novel Lipokine Palmitoleic Acid in Health and Disease

Synthesis of specific fatty acids contributes to VLDL-triacylglycerol composition in humans with and without type 2 diabetes

Role of bioactive lipid mediators in obese adipose tissue inflammation and endocrine dysfunction

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