Relationship of antibodies to thyrotropin receptors and to thyroid ultrasonographic volume in euthyroid and hypothyroid patients with autoimmune thyroiditis.

Rieu, M; Portos, C; Lissak, B.; Laplanche, Sophie; Sambor, B; Berrod, Jean-Louis; Fombeur, J. P.

doi:10.1210/jcem.81.2.8636282

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…These results correlate with studies in humans that describe significantly reduced thyroid volumes in patients with hypothyroidism. 18,23,24 Importantly, no differences were seen between euthyroid and ESS dogs. Therefore, ultrasonographic analysis of thyroid volume or MCSA allows differentiation between ESS and hypothyroid dogs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…16,18,21,22 Additionally, in humans a reduced thyroid volume is correlated with hypothyroidism. 18,23,24 Although the technique of a sonographic examination of the canine thyroid gland was introduced several years ago, 25 it has not yet been evaluated as a diagnostic tool in canine hypothyroidism. In the present study, the applicability of ultrasound in the diagnosis of canine hypothyroidism was investigated.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Thyroid Sonography as an Effective Tool to Discriminate between Euthyroid Sick and Hypothyroid Dogs

Reese

Breyer

Deeg

et al. 2005

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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The diagnosis of canine hypothyroidism and its differentiation from euthyroid sick syndrome still is a major diagnostic challenge. In this study, ultrasonography was shown to be an effective tool for the investigation of thyroid gland diseases. Healthy control dogs (n ϭ 87), dogs with euthyroid sick syndrome (n ϭ 26), thyroglobulin autoantibody-positive (TgAA-positive, n ϭ 30) hypothyroid dogs, and TgAA-negative (n ϭ 23) hypothyroid dogs were examined by thyroid ultrasonography. Maximal cross sectional area (MCSA), thyroid volume, and echogenicity were measured. Statistical analysis identified highly significant (P Ͻ .001) differences between euthyroid and hypothyroid dogs both in thyroid volume and in MCSA, whereas no significant differences in thyroid size were detected between healthy euthyroid dogs and dogs with euthyroid sick syndrome. In euthyroid and euthyroid sick dogs, parenchymal echotexture was homogeneous and hyperechoic, whereas relative thyroid echogenicity of both TgAApositive and TgAA-negative hypothyroid dogs was significantly lower (P Ͻ .001). When using arbitrarily chosen cutoff values for relative thyroid volume, MCSA, and echogenicity, thyroid volume especially was found to have highly specific predictive value for canine hypothyroidism. In summary, the data reveal that thyroid sonography is an effective ancillary diagnostic tool to differentiate between canine hypothyroidism and euthyroid sick syndrome.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid Sonography as an Effective Tool to Discriminate between Euthyroid Sick and Hypothyroid Dogs

Reese

Breyer

Deeg

et al. 2005

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Human Genome and Diseases: Review¶The TSH receptor and its role in thyroid disease

Kopp

2001

CMLS, Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

122

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The thyrotropin (TSH) receptor plays a preeminent role in thyroid physiology and disease. TSH, acting through the TSH receptor, is the major stimulator of thyroid cell growth, differentiation and function. In Graves' disease, the TSH receptor is the target of stimulating antibodies that cause hyperthyroidism. Although still a topic of debate, the TSH receptor has been implicated in the pathogenesis of the endocrine ophthalmopathy associated with Graves' disease. Blocking antibodies against the TSH receptor are involved in the development of hypothyroidism in a subset of patients with autoimmune hypothyroidism. Transplacental passage of stimulating or blocking TSH receptor antibodies from a mother with autoimmune thyroid disease may result in transient hyper- or hypothyroidism in early infancy. During pregnancy, the placental hormone human choriogonadotropin (hCG) can cause gestational hyperthyroidism through cross-reaction with the TSH receptor. Gestational hyperthyroidism may also be involved in the pathogenesis of hyperemesis gravidarum. Trophoblast tumors secreting hCG are a rare cause of hyperthyroidism. Somatic activating mutations of the TSH receptor have been identified as a molecular cause of toxic adenomas, whereas activating mutations in the germline give rise to nonautoimmune familial hyperthyroidism or sporadic congenital hyperthyroidism. These gain-of-function mutations are dominant, and one mutated allele is sufficient to result in disease. Inactivating germline mutations of both TSH receptor alleles lead to variable degrees of resistance to TSH, encompassing a spectrum ranging from euthyroid hyperthyrotropinemia to overt hypothyroidism with thyroid hypoplasia.

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Thyroid Stimulating Antibodies Are Highly Prevalent in Hashimoto's Thyroiditis and Associated Orbitopathy

Kahaly

Diana²,

Glang³

et al. 2016

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

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Relationship of antibodies to thyrotropin receptors and to thyroid ultrasonographic volume in euthyroid and hypothyroid patients with autoimmune thyroiditis.

Cited by 5 publications

References 34 publications

Thyroid Sonography as an Effective Tool to Discriminate between Euthyroid Sick and Hypothyroid Dogs

Thyroid Sonography as an Effective Tool to Discriminate between Euthyroid Sick and Hypothyroid Dogs

Human Genome and Diseases: Review¶The TSH receptor and its role in thyroid disease

Thyroid Stimulating Antibodies Are Highly Prevalent in Hashimoto's Thyroiditis and Associated Orbitopathy

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