Relationship of age, prostate-specific antigen, and prostate volume in Indonesian men with benign prostatic hyperplasia

Abstract

BackgroundTo investigate the relationship between age, prostate specific antigen (PSA), and prostate volume (PV) in Indonesian men with histologically proven benign prostatic hyperplasia.MethodsData were generated from our BPH database from June 1994 until December 2013. Subjects were men with a minimum age of 40 years with chief complaint of LUTS or urinary retention, diagnosed with BPH. All patients underwent TRUS-guided prostate biopsy. Patients with PSA level >10 ng/mL were excluded from the study to exclude the possibility of occult prostate cancer. PV was measured with TRUS. Appropriate statistical tests were employed for data analysis.ResultsIn all, 1638 patients were enrolled in our study. There was a statistically significant difference in PSA (P = 0.03) and PV (P < 0.0001) between age groups. Overall correlation between age, PSA, and PV were: i). Age and PV (r = 0.12, P < 0.0001); ii). Age and PSA (r = 0.07, P = 0.008); iii). PSA and PV (r = 0.26, P < 0.0001). Subgroup analysis in terms of indwelling catheter use versus without: i). Age 66.09 ± 8 years versus 65.38 ± 7.66 years (P = 0.158); ii). PSA 4.93 ± 2.62 ng/mL versus 4.68 ± 2.82 ng/mL (P = 0.038); iii). PV 47.58 ± 21.33 mL versus 41.43 ± 20.55 mL (P < 0.0001). Correlation between age, PSA, and PV in patients were similar in patients with and without indwelling catheter.ConclusionIn Indonesian men with biopsy-proven BPH, both PV and PSA increased with ageing. Prostate volume was significantly correlated with PSA. Even though the results were weaker, these results are consistent with results in other sets of population. The results vary between different countries and thus, ethnicities. Indonesia is a populous a sociocultural and ethnically diverse country. Therefore, aside from PSA, age, and PV, when investigating men with BPH, ethnicity may also need to be taken into account.

The correlation between obesity and prostate volume in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia at Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital

“…The current evidence trends towards the level of both total and free PSA being directly proportional to PV [28][29][30][31]. This study confirms this relationship as our data showed a direct correlation between the level of PSA and PV (r = 0.247, p = 0001).…”

Correlation between Prostate-Specific-Antigen (PSA) Level and Prostate Volume in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia at Bhayangkara Hospital Mataram

“…Sebagai gambaran terdapat 1040 kasus dalam kurun waktu 3 tahun (1994-1997) di dua rumah sakit di kota Jakarta. 15 Di Indonesia, Putra et al 16 menemukan adanya korelasi antara kadar PSA dan volum prostat di kota Jakarta. Selain genetik, perbedaan pola hidup dan status ekonomi dapat menjadi faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap insidensi BPH.…”

Evaluation of Prostate specific antigen levels and its correlation with histopathological findings

“…PSA is prostate specific but not specific to prostate cancer. 4,5 The increased value of PSA is found in 20% to 50% of men with BPH. 4 Approximately 10% of the male population has a PSA value higher than 10 ng/ml but do not have cancer.…”