Relationship between vestibular hair cell loss and deficits in two anti-gravity reflexes in the rat.

Maroto, Alberto F.; Barrallo-Gimeno, Alejandro; Llorens, Jordi

doi:10.1016/j.heares.2021.108336

Cited by 11 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Vestibular deficient animals showed ataxia, spontaneous circling and head bobbing. The loss of function was assessed using high-speed video records of the tail-lift reflex as described (Martins-Lopes et al, 2019; Maroto et al, 2021a,c). A similar dose-dependent effect occurred in male and female animals, and therefore animals of both sexes were pooled for analyses.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To evaluate vestibular function, we assessed the tail-lift reflex as described (Martins-Lopes et al, 2019; Maroto et al, 2021a,c). Briefly, rats are held by the base of the tail and quickly but gently lifted upwards to approximately 40 cm above ground and immediately returned down.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Loss of vestibular function results in loss of the anti-gravity extension reflex, so the rat curls ventrally (Hunt et al, 1987; Pellis et al, 1991; Llorens et al, 1993; Maroto et al, 2021c). The reflex response of the animal is recorded from the side with high-speed video (we use 240 frames per second with a GoPro 5 camera) and the records are used to obtain the minimum angle formed by the nose, the back of the neck and the base of the tail during the tail-lift manoeuvre (tail-lift angle, TLA), as described (Martins-Lopes et al, 2019; Maroto et al, 2021a,c). The TLA has been demonstrated to provide an objective measure of permanent or reversible vestibular loss (Martins-Lopes et al, 2019; Maroto et al, 2021a,c).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of the method used, we cannot completely exclude that a small loss of HCII was masked by tissue shrinkage, but in any case the lack of differences in HCII numbers per image contrasts with the significant loss of HCI. While a greater sensitivity of HCI with respect to HCII in regards to ototoxic insult is widely recognized, not many studies are available in providing a quantitative assessment of this difference in vivo (Lopez et al, 1997;Nakayama et al, 1996 ;Hirvonen et al, 2005;Maroto et al, 2021a). 17…”

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confidence: 99%

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The vestibular calyceal junction is dismantled following subchronic streptomycin in rats and sensory epithelium stress in humans

Maroto

Borrajo

Callejo

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Hair cell (HC) loss by epithelial extrusion has been described to occur in the vestibular system of rats and mice during the chronic ototoxicity caused by 3,3’-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN). This is preceded by early dismantlement of the calyceal junction in the contact between type I HC (HCI) and calyx afferent terminals. In the present study, we evaluated whether these pathological phenomena have wider significance. First, we assessed their occurrence in rats receiving streptomycin for 3 to 8 weeks. Streptomycin caused a loss of vestibular function that was largely reversible and associated with a partial loss of HCI. In the calyces encasing the surviving HCI, we observed decreased expression of CASPR1 denoting calyceal junction dismantlement. We also recorded reduced numbers of pre-synaptic (ribeye) and post-synaptic (PSD95) puncta per cell, and KCNQ4 mislocalization. After washout, the CASPR1 label revealed calyceal junction rebuilding. Ultrastructural data also showed calyx junction dismantlement and calyx fragmentation. Limited but clear evidence for HC extrusion was obtained by scanning electron microscopy and immunofluorescent analysis. Second, we evaluated human sensory epithelia from therapeutic labyrinthectomy and trans-labyrinthine. In some of the samples, patched CASPR1 label indicated that a process of calyx junction dismantlement could be in progress. The present data supports the hypothesis that dismantlement of the calyceal junction is a common response triggered by chronic stress in the vestibular sensory epithelium. This effect precedes HC loss, is reversible, and may explain, at least in part, observations of reversion in function loss.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The vestibular calyceal junction is dismantled following subchronic streptomycin in rats and sensory epithelium stress in humans

Maroto

Borrajo

Callejo

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…5 Similar mechanisms may be exhibited by systemic exposure to nitrile-based ototoxic compounds that produce relative damage to respective hair cells. 6,7 Focusing on the manifestation of vestibular dysfunction, treatment options relating to improving behavioral function include photobiomodulation (PBM) or low-level laser therapy (LLLT). In this paper, we will provide the basic concepts of LLLT and its regenerative capability within tissues and cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of low-level laser therapy on utricular hair cell regeneration: a review of the efficacy of available treatment parameters

Cuenca

2022

Medical Lasers

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Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) for vestibular treatments need further development in the sense to be used in clinical applications. One hurdle of LLLT on vestibular treatment studies is the lack of relevant parameters other researchers can reference for further studies. In this paper, we would like to provide laser parameters that are currently used in different body parts which may prove effective on vestibular hair cell regeneration at the cellular level. Following relevant parameters for laser therapy, some irradiation techniques provide protective mechanisms against ototoxic damage. The following review includes the possible mechanisms of LLLT which promote cellular and tissue regeneration capabilities with promising results. These treatments may be of use in potentially mitigating functional decline under optimized irradiation conditions. This review focused on, but is not limited to, the availability of 633 nm and 808 nm LLLT administration. These treatments provide therapeutic results in different structures under in vitro, in vivo, or ex vivo conditions. The relevant findings on the use of LLLT show similar effects of irradiation regardless of the designated area of interest. This data suggests the possibilities of using similar or modified parameters of LLLT within the vestibular organs.

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The vestibular calyceal junction is dismantled following subchronic streptomycin in rats and sensory epithelium stress in humans

et al. 2023

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hair cell (HC) loss by epithelial extrusion has been described to occur in the rodent vestibular system during chronic 3,3′-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) ototoxicity. This is preceded by dismantlement of the calyceal junction in the contact between type I HC (HCI) and calyx afferent terminals. Here, we evaluated whether these phenomena have wider significance. First, we studied rats receiving seven different doses of streptomycin, ranging from 100 to 800 mg/kg/day, for 3–8 weeks. Streptomycin caused loss of vestibular function associated with partial loss of HCI and decreased expression of contactin-associated protein (CASPR1), denoting calyceal junction dismantlement, in the calyces encasing the surviving HCI. Additional molecular and ultrastructural data supported the conclusion that HC-calyx detachment precede HCI loss by extrusion. Animals allowed to survive after the treatment showed functional recuperation and rebuilding of the calyceal junction. Second, we evaluated human sensory epithelia obtained during therapeutic labyrinthectomies and trans-labyrinthine tumour excisions. Some samples showed abnormal CASPR1 label strongly suggestive of calyceal junction dismantlement. Therefore, reversible dismantlement of the vestibular calyceal junction may be a common response triggered by chronic stress, including ototoxic stress, before HCI loss. This may partly explain clinical observations of reversion in function loss after aminoglycoside exposure.

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Relationship between vestibular hair cell loss and deficits in two anti-gravity reflexes in the rat.

Cited by 11 publications

References 44 publications

The vestibular calyceal junction is dismantled following subchronic streptomycin in rats and sensory epithelium stress in humans

The vestibular calyceal junction is dismantled following subchronic streptomycin in rats and sensory epithelium stress in humans

Effects of low-level laser therapy on utricular hair cell regeneration: a review of the efficacy of available treatment parameters

The vestibular calyceal junction is dismantled following subchronic streptomycin in rats and sensory epithelium stress in humans

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