Relationship between vessel porosity and leaf emergence pattern in ring- and diffuse-porous deciduous trees in a temperate hardwood forest

Takahashi, Sayaka; Okada, Naoki; Naito, Toyohiro

doi:10.1139/cjb-2014-0129

Cited by 24 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Previous studies revealed that the timing of vessel formation in relation to leaf appearance in typical ring-porous deciduous species differs from that in typical diffuse-porous species (Ladefoged 1952;Suzuki et al 1996Suzuki et al , 2000Takahashi et al 2013Takahashi et al , 2015. The first-formed vessels, which develop new rings adjacent to the annual ring border, mature around the time of leaf appearance in stems of ring-porous species (Zasada & Zahner 1969;Suzuki et al 1996Suzuki et al , 2000Sass-Klaassen et al 2011;González-González et al 2013;Takahashi et al 2013;Kudo et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Timing of vessel formation in twigs and trunks in relation to porosity and leaf flushing

Takahashi

2016

IAWA J

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In order to understand the coordination of leaf phenology and functional xylem anatomy, the timing of vessel wall lignification in twigs and stems in relation to leaf appearance was studied in nine species with different porosity patterns. Cylindrical stem cores and twigs were collected from early spring through late summer from deciduous (Quercus serrata, Liquidambar styraciflua, and Acanthopanax sciadophylloides), and evergreen (Castanopsis cuspidata; Cinnamomum camphora, Ilex pedunculosa, Symplocos prunifolia, Quercus glauca and Quercus myrsinifolia) species in a temperate forest. The first-formed twig vessels lignified at the time of leaf appearance or before in all species. The timing of stem vessel lignification in relation to leaf appearance in semi-ring-porous deciduous species was overlapping with that of ring-porous deciduous species and diffuse-porous deciduous species.Evergreen species showed a great variation in the timing of stem vessel lignification, relative to leaf flushing. The main conclusions are that 1) Vessel lignification occurs much earlier in twigs than in trunks of the same trees, with hardly any overlap between the two; 2) Deciduous trees do not differ much from evergreen species, but there is a weak tendency for evergreen species to have later vessel differentiation than deciduous species; 3) The timing of vessel formation shows little relation with porosity patterns and overlaps between diffuse-porous and ring-porous species. This suggests a much greater intergradation of timing of vessel formation in species of different porosity pattern in evergreen and deciduous species than recognized in the literature.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Timing of vessel formation in twigs and trunks in relation to porosity and leaf flushing

Takahashi

2016

IAWA J

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“…To simulate more precise formation of late wood, improvements can be attempted, specifically in Stage 2. This shortened annual cycle system could also become a useful model system for field studies such as investigating the timing between bud breaking and cambial activity [29][30][31][32], cambial reaction to partial heating [33][34][35] and partial cooling [36] of tree stem. In fact, using a similar system, it was reported that the roots alter their functions depending on the seasons [17,18].…”

Section: Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Wood structure of Populus alba formed in a shortened annual cycle system

Kurita

Mimura

2017

J Wood Sci

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Wood formation of trees that grow along the seasons has an annual rhythm. Due to this rhythm, physiological research on the mechanism of wood formation has been difficult to conduct in a typical experimental room. In the present study, we observed the wood tissue formation in a shortened annual cycle system, which was developed for poplar trees grown in a growth chamber with dormant and non-dormant cycles. Poplar trees were grown in this system by repeating the cycle three times. The resulting wood tissue consisted of three growth rings and very similar structures were observed around the ring boundary of the wood in a field-grown stem. This result suggests that the shortened annual cycle system can be adopted as a model for physiological, cell biological and molecular research of wood and annual ring formation.

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“…The vessels of diffuse-porous trees can recover from freezing during winter [19,22,23], though they have low water conduction efficiency [19]. Furthermore, ring-porous trees form leaves and vessels synchronously to meet water transport requirements, whereas diffuse-porous trees show asynchronous tissue formation patterns [24]. Unlike diffuse-porous trees, the vessel diameter of ring-porous trees changes with leaf formation [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, ring-porous trees form leaves and vessels synchronously to meet water transport requirements, whereas diffuse-porous trees show asynchronous tissue formation patterns [24]. Unlike diffuse-porous trees, the vessel diameter of ring-porous trees changes with leaf formation [24]. Takahashi et al [24] published a quantitative analysis of the relationship between vessel formation and leaf expansion after leaf appearance, though it is not sufficient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship between Vessel Formation and Seasonal Changes in Leaf Area of Evergreen and Deciduous Species with Different Vessel Arrangements

Takahashi

2021

Plants

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To discuss the diversity of morphological traits and life strategies of trees, the functional relationship between leaf expansion and vessel formation must be clarified. We compared the temporal relationship among tree species with different leaf habits and vessel arrangements. Twigs, leaves, and trunk core samples were periodically acquired from 35 sample trees of nine species in a temperate forest in Japan. We quantitatively estimated leaf expansion using a nonlinear regression model and observed thin sections of twigs and trunks with a light microscope. Almost all of the first-formed vessels in twigs, which formed adjacent to the annual ring border, were lignified with a leaf area between 0% and 70% of the maximum in all species. The first-formed vessels in trunks lignified between 0% and 95% of the maximum leaf area in ring-porous deciduous Quercus serrata and ring-(radial-)porous evergreen Castanopsis cuspidate. Their lignification occurred earlier than in diffuse-porous deciduous Liquidambar styraciflua, diffuse-porous evergreen Cinnamomum camphora and Symplocos prunifolia, and radial-porous evergreen Quercus glauca and Quercus myrsinifolia. The timing varied in semi-ring-porous deciduous Acanthopanax sciadophylloides and diffuse-porous evergreen Ilex pedunculosa. The observed differences in the timing of vessel formation after leaf appearance were reflected in their differing vessel porosities and were connected to the different life strategies among tree species.

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Relationship between vessel porosity and leaf emergence pattern in ring- and diffuse-porous deciduous trees in a temperate hardwood forest

Cited by 24 publications

References 24 publications

Timing of vessel formation in twigs and trunks in relation to porosity and leaf flushing

Timing of vessel formation in twigs and trunks in relation to porosity and leaf flushing

Wood structure of Populus alba formed in a shortened annual cycle system

Relationship between Vessel Formation and Seasonal Changes in Leaf Area of Evergreen and Deciduous Species with Different Vessel Arrangements

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