Relationship between Track and Field Spectators' Motivation and Place Attachment: Cognitive Evaluations of Spectators of the Host Residents

Abstract

This study aimed to clarify the influence of track and field spectators' motives on place attachment, based on fan community identification. A survey of spectators at the Japan Grand Prix Series Yamaguchi was conducted and data were collected via questionnaire, with 319 samples returned by spectators in Yamaguchi Prefecture. Of those, 148 questionnaires were analyzed, a usable response rate of 83.4%. The measures used were track and field attachment, aesthetics, fan community identification, and place attachment. Structural equation modeling was used for the analysis. The results showed that track and field attachment had a positive effect on fan community identification. In addition, fan community identification positively affected place attachment. This suggests that a sense of unity among fans residing in the host region affects place attachment. While several limitations are acknowledged, this study highlights the need for efforts to enhance fans' sense of belonging during track and field activities.