Relationship between the timing of vessel formation and leaf phenology in ten ring‐porous and diffuse‐porous deciduous tree species

Takahashi, Sayaka; Okada, Naoki; Naito, Toyohiro

doi:10.1007/s11284-013-1053-x

Cited by 62 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Differences in the delays between the spring phenophases of wood and leaves are also observed from year to year (Takahashi et al 2013) and among individuals within species (N. Delpierre, unpublished results). From this ensemble of results, it is difficult to infer the influence of auxin produced in swelling or elongating buds on the timing of the onset of cambium division.…”

Section: Integrated Phenology At the Tree Scalementioning

confidence: 82%

Temperate and boreal forest tree phenology: from organ-scale processes to terrestrial ecosystem models

Delpierre

Vitasse

Chuine

et al. 2016

Annals of Forest Science

219

192

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Abstract& Key message We demonstrate that, beyond leaf phenology, the phenological cycles of wood and fine roots present clear responses to environmental drivers in temperate and boreal trees. These drivers should be included in terrestrial ecosystem models. & Context In temperate and boreal trees, a dormancy period prevents organ development during adverse climatic conditions. Whereas the phenology of leaves and flowers has received considerable attention, to date, little is known regarding the phenology of other tree organs such as wood, fine roots, fruits, and reserve compounds. & Aims Here, we review both the role of environmental drivers in determining the phenology of tree organs and the models used to predict the phenology of tree organs in temperate and boreal forest trees. & Results Temperature is a key driver of the resumption of tree activity in spring, although its specific effects vary among organs. There is no such clear dominant environmental cue involved in the cessation of tree activity in autumn and in the onset of dormancy, but temperature, photoperiod, and water stress appear as prominent factors. The phenology of a given organ is, to a certain extent, influenced by processes in distant organs. & Conclusion Inferring past trends and predicting future trends of tree phenology in a changing climate requires specific phenological models developed for each organ to consider the phenological cycle as an ensemble in which the environmental cues that trigger each phase are also indirectly involved in the subsequent phases. Incorporating such models into terrestrial ecosystem models (TEMs) would likely improve the accuracy of their predictions. The extent to which the coordination of the phenologies of tree organs will be affected in a changing climate deserves further research.

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Section: Integrated Phenology At the Tree Scalementioning

confidence: 82%

Temperate and boreal forest tree phenology: from organ-scale processes to terrestrial ecosystem models

Delpierre

Vitasse

Chuine

et al. 2016

Annals of Forest Science

219

192

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“…In ash by around April 20th, some large earlywood vessels had already formed (Frankenstein et al 2005). Generally, in ring-porous trees, the first earlywood vessels are formed 2-6 weeks before bud break (Suzuki et al 1996;Kudo et al 2015), and it is also worth emphasizing that the lignification of the first-formed vessels in stems was observed from 2 weeks before, up to 4 weeks after, leaf appearance (Takahashi et al 2013). Thus, the timing of leaf and growth phenologies is species specific, leading to differences in carbon allocation (e.g.…”

Section: Relationships Between Leaf Phenology and Earlywood-vessel Fomentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Thus, the timing of leaf and growth phenologies is species specific, leading to differences in carbon allocation (e.g. Suzuki et al 1996;Takahashi et al 2013).…”

Section: Relationships Between Leaf Phenology and Earlywood-vessel Fomentioning

confidence: 99%

Does tree-ring formation follow leaf phenology in Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.)?

et al. 2017

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We monitored leaf phenology and xylogenesis of 12 Pedunculate oaks in northern Poland in 2014. We hypothesized that the individual trees, which differed in size, age and habitat (tree stand or gap), also diverged in terms of the seasonal patterns of leaf phenology and xylogenesis. The samples used for wood formation observations were collected most frequently during the early leaf phenophases (from March to end of June). The transverse sections of the cambial region were cut with a sledge microtome. We counted the number of cambial cells, measured the width of xylem increment and assessed the timing of xylogenesis and earlywood-vessel formation. We found significant differences in leaf phenology and timing of xylogenesis among individual trees. The smallest differences in wood formation among the trees were observed at the beginning of the vegetation season when the first earlywood vessels were detected (9 days). The dates of completion of the first tangential row of earlywood vessels varied by up to 30 days, while for the completion of the entire earlywood dates varied by up to 32 days. The highest productivity of cambial cells (13 cell layers) was observed around the time of bud swelling at mid-April. In the last days of April, the number of cambial cell layers decreased and subsequently increased again when the leaves were nearly fully expanded at the end of May. To summarize, we observed a high seasonal variability in the number of cambial cell layers. Differences in the time of cessation of cambial activity and xylogenesis amounted to 1 month. We conclude that: (1) oak tree-ring widths and earlywoodvessel sizes and numbers may not be sensitive indicators for early spring temperature and spring defoliation; (2) the missing association between leaf phenophases and xylogenesis as well as the phenological variability may be the reasons for the lack of a clear climatic effect on the abovementioned parameters.

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“…Previous studies revealed that the timing of vessel formation in relation to leaf appearance in typical ring-porous deciduous species differs from that in typical diffuse-porous species (Ladefoged 1952;Suzuki et al 1996Suzuki et al , 2000Takahashi et al 2013Takahashi et al , 2015. The first-formed vessels, which develop new rings adjacent to the annual ring border, mature around the time of leaf appearance in stems of ring-porous species (Zasada & Zahner 1969;Suzuki et al 1996Suzuki et al , 2000Sass-Klaassen et al 2011;González-González et al 2013;Takahashi et al 2013;Kudo et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Timing of vessel formation in twigs and trunks in relation to porosity and leaf flushing

Takahashi

2016

IAWA J

Self Cite

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In order to understand the coordination of leaf phenology and functional xylem anatomy, the timing of vessel wall lignification in twigs and stems in relation to leaf appearance was studied in nine species with different porosity patterns. Cylindrical stem cores and twigs were collected from early spring through late summer from deciduous (Quercus serrata, Liquidambar styraciflua, and Acanthopanax sciadophylloides), and evergreen (Castanopsis cuspidata; Cinnamomum camphora, Ilex pedunculosa, Symplocos prunifolia, Quercus glauca and Quercus myrsinifolia) species in a temperate forest. The first-formed twig vessels lignified at the time of leaf appearance or before in all species. The timing of stem vessel lignification in relation to leaf appearance in semi-ring-porous deciduous species was overlapping with that of ring-porous deciduous species and diffuse-porous deciduous species.Evergreen species showed a great variation in the timing of stem vessel lignification, relative to leaf flushing. The main conclusions are that 1) Vessel lignification occurs much earlier in twigs than in trunks of the same trees, with hardly any overlap between the two; 2) Deciduous trees do not differ much from evergreen species, but there is a weak tendency for evergreen species to have later vessel differentiation than deciduous species; 3) The timing of vessel formation shows little relation with porosity patterns and overlaps between diffuse-porous and ring-porous species. This suggests a much greater intergradation of timing of vessel formation in species of different porosity pattern in evergreen and deciduous species than recognized in the literature.

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Relationship between the timing of vessel formation and leaf phenology in ten ring‐porous and diffuse‐porous deciduous tree species

Cited by 62 publications

References 26 publications

Temperate and boreal forest tree phenology: from organ-scale processes to terrestrial ecosystem models

Temperate and boreal forest tree phenology: from organ-scale processes to terrestrial ecosystem models

Does tree-ring formation follow leaf phenology in Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.)?

Timing of vessel formation in twigs and trunks in relation to porosity and leaf flushing

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