Relationship between the risk factors of cardiovascular disease by testing biochemical markers and young men with erectile dysfunction: a case-control study

Abstract

Background: Erectile dysfunction (ED) shares common risk factors with cardiovascular disease (CVD), such as diabetes mellitus (DM) and dyslipidemia, but the relationship between the risk factors of CVD in biochemical markers and young men with ED age 20-40 years is not fully clarified.Methods: A total of 289 ED outpatients (20-40 years old) were allocated under ED group, based on patients' complaints and physical examinations. According to the frequency matching ratio of 1:4, 1,155 male individuals (20-40 years old) without ED were set as control group. All participants were tested for lipid profiles including total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), blood glucose (BG), homocysteine (HCY), liver function including alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and renal function including uric acid (UA) and creatinine (CR). The study was designed to compare the two groups using an established binary logistic regression analysis model. The ED group was then subdivided into a younger ED group (20-30 years old) and an older ED group (31-40 years old) for further comparisons.Results: After comparison, no obvious differences were found in medians of age, TC, TG, HDL, HCY, UA, and ALT in the two groups. Median LDL, BG, and CR were significantly higher and AST was much lower in the ED group (P<0.01). In binary logistic regression analysis, odds ratios (OR) for LDL, BG, CR, and AST were 1.279, 1.237, 1.026, and 0.978, respectively. The sensitivity value and specificity value were 43.25% and 72.56%, respectively. The medians of LDL, TG, and TC were higher and HDL was much lower in the older ED group, as compared with the younger group (P<0.05). No significant differences were displayed in medians of other biochemical markers in the above comparisons.Conclusions: Elevated LDL, BG, and CR were related factors of ED in young men. Lipid profile was significantly different between young men with ED aged 20-30 and 31-40 years.

Association between atorvastatin and erectile dysfunction: a comprehensive analysis incorporating real-world pharmacovigilance and Mendelian randomization

“…ED is a significant vascular condition linked closely with risk factors like hyperlipidemia, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, inflammation, hypertension, and vascular endothelial function ( Balta and Mikhailidis, 2019 ). Research by Ma et al indicates that elevated LDL levels can increase the incidence of ED in youthful males ( Ma et al, 2021 ). Currently, nitric oxide (NO) synthesis and release play a crucial role in erectile function, being considered the primary factor in the relaxation of penile blood vessels and the corpus cavernosum ( Andersson, 2011 ).…”

Insights into modifiable risk factors of erectile dysfunction, a wide-angled Mendelian Randomization study

“…Moreover, mental disorders like depression and cardiovascular diseases like coronary heart disease have been linked with ED [5] , [11] . However, other observational studies do not support the association between coronary heart disease, sleep disorders, cigarette and alcohol consumption, dyslipidemia and ED [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] . A Mendelian Randomization (MR) study has also indicated a null association between lipid levels and ED [18] .…”

Association between Lifestyle and Biosocial Conditions with Erectile Dysfunction among Adult Patients in a Tertiary Hospital in Southern Nigeria

“…By definition, ED is the persistent or recurrent inability of a male to achieve and maintain adequate penile erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual function, as part of the overall multifaceted process of male sexual function [5]. Erectile dysfunction is either primary or secondary in origin.…”