Relationship between the Physical Nature of Mitochondrial Membranes and Chilling Sensitivity in Plants

Lyons, Joseph; Wheaton, T. A.; Pratt, Harlan K.

doi:10.1104/pp.39.2.262

Cited by 238 publications

(89 citation statements)

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“…This depression in activity observed in each of the sensitive tissues below a critical temperature is consistent with the hypothesis that reduced temperatures affect some physical property of the mitochondrial membranes, e.g., membrane lipids (13,14,21). At the same time, the data show that phosphorylative efficiency of mitochondria from sensitive as well as resistant tissues (29), and mitochondria (12,16).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…In this example, the corn roots presumably had not been injured sufficiently in the 3-hr period to alter coupled respiration, whereas with the studies on sweet potato (24) and tomato disks (10) While the descriptive aspects of the influence of low temperature on mitochondrial oxidation from chilling sensitive plant tissues are apparent from the data in Figure 1, the mechanism of this response is not known. However, previous studies (13,14,21) …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Mitochondria isolated from chilling resistant tissues show the capacity to swell to greater extent than the mitochondria from chilling sensitive tissues (14), indicating that the membranes of mitochondria from chilling sensitive tissues are less flexible than those from chilling resistant tissues. Furthermore, this difference in flexibility was related to the relative proportion of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids of the membrane lipids.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Oxidative Activity of Mitochondria Isolated from Plant Tissues Sensitive and Resistant to Chilling Injury

1970

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Arrhenius plots of the respiration rates of nmitochondria isolated from chilling sensitive plant tissuies (tonmato and cucumber fruit, and sweet potato roots) showed a linear decrease from 23 C to about 9 to 12 C (with Qio values of 1.3 to 1.6), at which point there was a marked deviation with an increased slope as temperatures were reduced to 1.5 C (Qio of 2.2 to 6.3). The phorylative activities (assayed at 25 C) of mitochondria, isolated from chilling sensitive sweet potato roots, were impaired as a result of chilling treatment. However, many factors, such as the polyphenol content of the parent tissue (4, 11), can markedly influence both oxidative rates and apparent phosphorylative ability of isolated plant mitochondria. Thus, where plant material is given a differential pretreatment, it is most difficult to ascertain whether the observed differences in activity represent a direct effect of the chilling treatment on the mitochondria or an indirect effect due to the release or activation of some components which might be operational during isolation. It has also been noted that the method of tissue disruption (8), the amount of mitochondrial protein in the assay mixture (20), and the time involved between tissue disruption and assay (18) influence the activity of isolated mitochondria but which may be of little significance in vivo.The experiments reported here were carried out with mitochondria from plant tissue not subjected to chilling treatment, with the aim of evaluating the influence of temperature on oxidation and phosphorylation of these isolated mitochondria. The results show that in mitochondria from chilling sensitive tissues there is a marked depression in the respiratory rates below the critical temperature for chilling injury (10 C) which is not observed with mitochondria from resistant tissues. It was also established that temperatures between 1.5 and 25 C do not influence the phosphorylative efficiency of mitochondria from either sensitive or resistant plant tissues.Mitochondria isolated from chilling resistant tissues show the capacity to swell to greater extent than the mitochondria from chilling sensitive tissues (14), indicating that the membranes of mitochondria from chilling sensitive tissues are less flexible than those from chilling resistant tissues. Furthermore, this difference in flexibility was related to the relative proportion of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids of the membrane lipids. A study of the temperature at which mixtures of the predominant saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, found in the membranes of plant mitochondria, solidify showed that a small increase in the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids causes a large decrease in the solidification temperature (13). Thus (Beta vulgaris L.).The mitochondria were prepared and respiratory activity was determined by the methods described in the preceding paper (20). Since it was shown (20) that the respiration of isolated mitochondria was greatly reduced and the mitochondria lost respiratory control when th...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxidative Activity of Mitochondria Isolated from Plant Tissues Sensitive and Resistant to Chilling Injury

1970

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“…Chilling resistance in plants is correlated with a high flexibility of the mitochondrial membrane and with a high degree of unsaturation of the mitochondrial lipid (10,11). Flexibility of membranes may depend on the physical state of the membrane lipid involved, and cyclopropane fatty acids will behave like unsaturated fatty acids in this respect.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclopropane Fatty Acids in Relation to Earliness in Spring and Drought Tolerance in Plants

Kuiper

Stuiver

1972

Plant Physiol.

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Long chain cyclopropane fatty acids were observed in the sulfolipid fraction extracted from leaves of the early spring plants Galanthus nivalis L. and Anthriscus silvestris L.(Hoffm. The lipids were extracted from the leaves as described by Allen et al. (1) for spinach leaves and separated on a diethylaminoethyl cellulose column (1,9,14). Separation of the fractions of phosphatidyl glycerol, sulfolipid, and phosphatidyl inositol sometimes was incomplete, but doubtful test tubes were discarded. Purity of the lipids was checked by thin layer chromatography (14).The lipids were deacylated with methanolic KOH (17). The fatty acids were methylated with 10% BCl, in methanol (12) and analyzed on a Victoreen gas chromatograph with a hydrogen flame ionization detector. The column was composed of 15% diethylene glycol succinate on Anakrom 60/70 as a stationary phase. Because of the wide range of fatty acids observed, from 12 carbon atoms (lauric acid) to 25 carbon atoms (cyclopropane fatty acid) in the hydrocarbon chain, the samples were run at two different temperatures, 180 and 200 C, to obtain an accurate analysis. Also, samples were run in different amounts, because the retention time of very long chain fatty acids was slightly affected by the amount of fatty acid methyl ester injected on the column. All fatty acid methyl esters were identified with known fatty acid methyl esters, or the retention times were compared with literature data (5-7). For determination of long chain unsaturated fatty acids, samples were analyzed by gas chromatography and the remaining part of the samples was dissolved in methanol and hydrogenated with palladium oxide as a catalyst for 6 hr at room temperature. After evaporation of the methanol the hydrogenated sample was analyzed by gas chromatography and a comparison was made between the original and the hydrogenated sample.Cyclopropane fatty acids were detected after treatment of the fatty acid methyl ester sample with bromine in ether at 30 C (2). Ether and excess bromine were evaporated. Further identification of the cyclopropane fatty acid was carried out by strong hydrogenolysis of samples in glacial acetic acid at 50 C for 4 hr with palladium oxide as a catalyst (7), converting them to methyl-branched fatty acids which differ in retention time. Table I shows the fatty acid composition of the sulfolipid fraction of the leaves of the early spring plants studied. The 307 www.plantphysiol.org on May 7, 2018 -Published by Downloaded from RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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“…A relative content of fatty acids was determined in weight percents of the common content of fatty acids in the studied sample. The index of double bond (IDB) for estimation of degree of fatty acids un saturation was defined as the summation of weight percents of each acid multiplied by the number of the double bonds it contains per molecule and divided by 100 (Lyons et al, 1964).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of cadmium chloride and hyperthermia on the fatty acid composition of high aquatic plants from Angara River

Кириченко¹,

Побежимова²

2014

Biologija

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Water is the basic component of all living organisms and the biosphere. The intensification of using water in the industrial, agricultural and domestic consumption leads to an increased anthropogenic impact on water ecosystems. High aquatic plants are the most important component of aquatic ecosystems. They take part in the process of exchange of nutrients in self-purification of water, can accumulate and transform organic and inorganic pollutants. Aquatic plants are considered and used as sites for monitoring ecological status of water bodies. In this study we investigated the fatty acid composition of higher aquatic plants from Angara River under the influence of hyperthermia 30 °C, and cadmium chlo ride 100 mg/l. Macrophytes Elodea canadensis Michx. and Myrio phyllum spicatum L. were gathered at a high flow of Angara River. After cultivation in the laboratory conditions the plants from experimental group were replaced in a solution of cadmium chloride (100 mg/l) during 24 and 48 h. In another experiment the plants were replaced in distilled water, 30 °C heated, and incubated during 24 or 48 h. Lipids were extracted with mixture of chloroform: methanol (2:1). Analysis of fatty acids composition was carried out in form of methyl ethers by the method of chromato-mass-spectrometry. The changes of the fatty acid composition in response to hyperthermia and cadmium chloride were found. The differences in the fatty acid composition changes of the studied species were shown after 24 and 48 h of exposure. Differences in the metabolism of fatty acids should be considered for the development of methods of biomonitoring and bioassay.

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Relationship between the Physical Nature of Mitochondrial Membranes and Chilling Sensitivity in Plants

Cited by 238 publications

References 20 publications

Oxidative Activity of Mitochondria Isolated from Plant Tissues Sensitive and Resistant to Chilling Injury

Oxidative Activity of Mitochondria Isolated from Plant Tissues Sensitive and Resistant to Chilling Injury

Cyclopropane Fatty Acids in Relation to Earliness in Spring and Drought Tolerance in Plants

The influence of cadmium chloride and hyperthermia on the fatty acid composition of high aquatic plants from Angara River

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