Relationship between the Central and Regional Pulse Wave Velocity in the Assessment of Arterial Stiffness Depending on Gender in the Geriatric Population

This review outlines the latest methods and innovations for assessing arterial stiffness, along with their respective advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, we present compelling evidence indicating a recent growth in research focused on assessing arterial stiffness using photoplethysmography (PPG) and propose PPG as a potential tool for assessing vascular ageing in the future. Blood vessels deteriorate with age, losing elasticity and forming deposits. This raises the likelihood of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD), widely reported as the global leading cause of death. The ageing process induces structural modifications in the vascular system, such as increased arterial stiffness, which can cause various volumetric, mechanical, and haemodynamic alterations. Numerous techniques have been investigated to assess arterial stiffness, some of which are currently used in commercial medical devices and some, such as PPG, of which still remain in the research space.

Section: Using Photoplethysmography For Arterial Stiffness Assessmentsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…There were no discernible differences between men and women in any of the arterial stiffness measures. Jannasz et al [52] 2023 SphygmoCor XCEL (AtCor Medina, Sydney, Australia) Central and regional PWV cfPWV 118…”

Section: Combining Photoplethysmography With Other Modalities and Usi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoplethysmography for the Assessment of Arterial Stiffness

Karimpour,

May,

Kyriacou

2023

“…Previous studies have shown that age is a key factor influencing pulse wave characteristics [50], and many researchers are exploring methods for assessing vascular aging [51,52]. Parameters such as pulse transit time [53] and pulse wave velocity [54] are considered standards for evaluating vascular stiffness. Some researchers have noted a significant correlation between PPG features obtained from the finger and age [55].…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rehabilitation Assessment System for Stroke Patients Based on Fusion-Type Optoelectronic Plethysmography Device and Multi-Modality Fusion Model: Design and Validation

Yan,

Long,

Qian

et al. 2024

This study aimed to propose a portable and intelligent rehabilitation evaluation system for digital stroke-patient rehabilitation assessment. Specifically, the study designed and developed a fusion device capable of emitting red, green, and infrared lights simultaneously for photoplethysmography (PPG) acquisition. Leveraging the different penetration depths and tissue reflection characteristics of these light wavelengths, the device can provide richer and more comprehensive physiological information. Furthermore, a Multi-Channel Convolutional Neural Network–Long Short-Term Memory–Attention (MCNN-LSTM-Attention) evaluation model was developed. This model, constructed based on multiple convolutional channels, facilitates the feature extraction and fusion of collected multi-modality data. Additionally, it incorporated an attention mechanism module capable of dynamically adjusting the importance weights of input information, thereby enhancing the accuracy of rehabilitation assessment. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed system, sixteen volunteers were recruited for clinical data collection and validation, comprising eight stroke patients and eight healthy subjects. Experimental results demonstrated the system’s promising performance metrics (accuracy: 0.9125, precision: 0.8980, recall: 0.8970, F1 score: 0.8949, and loss function: 0.1261). This rehabilitation evaluation system holds the potential for stroke diagnosis and identification, laying a solid foundation for wearable-based stroke risk assessment and stroke rehabilitation assistance.

Smart Medical Evacuation Support System for the Military

Krygier,

Lubkowski,

Maslanka

et al. 2024

Medical support in crisis situations is a major challenge. Efficient implementation of the medical evacuation process especially in operations with limited human resources that may occur during armed conflicts can limit the loss of these resources. Proper evacuation of wounded soldiers from the battlefield can increase the chances of their survival and rapid return to further military operations. This paper presents the technical details of the decision support system for medical evacuation to support this process. The basis for the functioning of this system is the continuous measurement of vital signs of soldiers via a specialized measurement module with a set of medical sensors. Vital signs values are then transmitted via the communication module to the analysis and inference module, which automatically determines the color of medical triage and the soldier’s chance of survival. This paper presents the results of tests of our system to validate it, which were carried out using test vectors of soldiers’ vital signs, as well as the results of the system’s performance on a group of volunteers who performed typical activities of tactical operations. The results of this study showed the usefulness of the developed system for supporting military medical services in military operations.