Relationship Between the Angle of the Foot Arch and the Length of the Foot

Abstract

Aim: Foot morphology and anthropometry are known to be associated with biomechanical measurements of foot. The medial longitudinal arch (MLA), which is the main arch contributing to the foot morphology, provides an elastic connection between the forefoot and hindfoot. Problems and alignment disorders, specifically caused by MLA, such as pes cavus and pes planus, ultimately affect the functions of the muscles and joints of the lower extremity. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relation between MLA and bony-length of foot by making measurements on radiographs. Material and Method: 212 (106 right and 106 left sides) weightbearing lateral x-ray images of 106 patients (36 females, 70 males) aged between 18-80 (m: 18-75, f: 18-80) were evaluated. Images of the patients aged under 18 or above 80, with any sign of trauma or surgery, space-occupying lesion of foot or deformity of foot bones were excluded. The maximal bony-length of the foot and in order to evaluate the medial longitudinal arch (MLA) the angle between the calcaneus and the 1st metatarsal bone and calcaneal inclination angle were measured on the x-ray images. The results were evaluated statistically.

Distance Parameter Values of Calcaneus and their Performance for Gender Estimation

“…Torun and Cay (2018) reported that the foot dome flattened as the FBL increased. In the study, comparing the FBL values between genders, the lengths of the right and left sides were found to be significantly higher in men (p<0.001) (24). This result is consistent with the result obtained by Gwani et al (2017) who measured foot lengths in two different ways with and without including metatarsal bones (26).…”

“…In the present study, no significant difference was found between right and left foot lengths (p=0.105). This conclusion supports the results of the study by Zeybek et al (2008) on cadavers in which they aimed to estimate gender from foot anthropometric characteristics and Torun and Cay's (2018) study in which they examined the relationship between arcus longitudinalis medialis and foot length bilaterally in 106 patients (19,24). Torun and Cay (2018) reported that the foot dome flattened as the FBL increased.…”

“…Considering the biomechanical importance of the calcaneus in the foot, we aimed to determine its relationship with foot bone length and foot bone height. In the literature, there are few studies on RI regarding our measurement parameters in the Turkish population (15,23,24) In the study conducted by Schepers et al (2007), examining the changes caused by calcaneus fractures in foot measurements in the foot RI of 33 individuals belonging to the Dutch population, the FBH value was 81 mm on the intact side, while this value was 77 mm on the side where the fracture was present, and a statistically significant difference was found between these values. In a study conducted in a German population, the FBH value was 84 mm (25).…”

Ayak deformitelerinin tedavisi

“…Radyografik teknikler, ayağın iskeletsel hizalanmasının statik basarak pozisyonda değerlendirilmesinde altın standart olarak kabul edilmektedir. [6] Günümüzde ayağın arkı değerlendirilirken sıklıkla radyolojik incelemelerde ölçülen çeşitli açılar dikkate alınır (Meary açısı, kalkaneal yükseklik açısı, talonaviküler örtünme açısı, lateral talokalkaneal açı) (Şekil 1). Ancak, bu incelemeler statik bir yöntemdir, ayağın dinamik yapısını yansıtmaz.…”