Relationship between the abundance ofLythrum salicaria (purple loosestrife) and plant species richness along the Bar River, Canada

Treberg, Michael A.; Husband, Brian C.

doi:10.1007/bf03161740

Cited by 58 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Thus, L. salicaria is thought to be highly invasive, outcompeting native wetland plants and producing vast monospecific L. salicaria stands (Thompson et al 1987). While some evidence supports the view of L. salicaria as a competitive dominant (Gaudet and Keddy 1988;Weiher and Keddy 1995;Weiher et al 1996;Mal et al 1997;Weihe and Neely 1997), other evidence does not (Malecki and Rawinski 1985;Welling and Becker 1993;Weihe and Neely 1997;Rachich and Reader 1999;Treberg and Husband 1999;Farnsworth and Ellis 2001;Hager 2003). Thus, the mechanisms of L. salicaria invasion are uncertain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Competitive effect versus competitive response of invasive and native wetland plant species

Hager

2004

Oecologia

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Non-native plants can have adverse effects on ecosystem structure and processes by invading and out-competing native plants. I examined the hypothesis that mature plants of non-native and native species exert differential effects on the growth of conspecific and heterospecific seedlings by testing predictions that (1) invasive vegetation has a stronger suppressive effect on seedlings than does native vegetation, (2) seedlings of invasive species are better able to grow in established vegetation than are native seedlings, and (3) invasive species facilitate conspecific and inhibit heterospecific seedling growth. I measured growth rates and interaction intensities for seedlings of four species that were transplanted into five wetland monoculture types: invasive Lythrum salicaria; native L. alatum, Typha angustifolia, T. latifolia; unvegetated control. Invasive L. salicaria had the strongest suppressive effect on actual and per-individual bases, but not on a per-gram basis. Seedlings of T. latifolia were better able to grow in established vegetation than were those of L. salicaria and T. angustifolia. These results suggest that L. salicaria is not a good invader of established vegetation, but once established, it is fairly resistant to invasion. Thus, it is likely that disturbance of established vegetation facilitates invasion by L. salicaria, allowing it to compete with other species in even-aged stands where its high growth rate and consequent production of aboveground biomass confer a competitive advantage.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Competitive effect versus competitive response of invasive and native wetland plant species

Hager

2004

Oecologia

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“…that define the physical structure (Dennison and Berry 1993), hydrology and nutrient cycling (Mitsch and Gosselink 1993) of marshlands, thereby altering these processes. However, recent field surveys of established plants have failed to detect the expected negative correlation between L. salicaria abundance and native species richness (Treberg and Husband 1999;Farnsworth and Ellis 2001;Hager and Vinebrooke 2004). Examination of the seed bank in invaded and uninvaded habitat can provide insight into the relation of invasion with native species diversity, as the representation of species in the seed bank will largely indicate long-term recruitment potential (D'Antonio et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Limits and effects of invasion by the nonindigenous wetland plant Lythrum salicaria (purple loosestrife): a seed bank analysis

2005

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We used seed bank analyses to investigate the role of dispersal in limiting invasion by Eurasian Lythrum salicaria within and among North American wetlands, and the changes in seed bank diversity associated with this invader. We compared the number and species composition of seedlings emerging from soil sampled in 11 uninvaded wetlands and paired uninvaded and invaded sites within 10 invaded wetlands under both seedling competition and noncompetitive conditions. Almost no L. salicaria emerged in samples from uninvaded wetlands, indicating dispersal limitation despite prodigious seed production in nearby wetlands. However L. salicaria emerged in all samples from uninvaded sites in invaded wetlands, suggesting environmental limits on establishment within invaded wetlands. Conditions that provided opportunities for seedlings to compete reduced survival of Typha spp. but not L. salicaria seedlings. However, this was due to species-specific differences in post-emergence mortality rather than response to competition. Competition did reduce seedling mass, but this effect did not differ among species. Species richness of emerging seedlings was lower for invaded than uninvaded wetlands. Lower seed bank richness may be a cause or consequence of L. salicaria invasion. Efforts to reduce seed dispersal to uninvaded wetlands would likely slow the spread of this invader.

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“…Hager and McCoy (1998) noted the lack of data in support of the hypothesis that L. salicaria reduces plant diversity and species richness. Treberg and Husband (1999) found no evidence of a decrease in native plant diversity in wetlands invaded by L. salicaria, while Hager and Vinebrook (2004) found an increase in plant diversity in the presence of L. salicaria. In fact, marshes in Massachusetts dominated by both L. salicaria and native Typha angustifolia L. (narrowleaf cattail) and Typha latifolia L. (broadleaf cattail) had the highest alpha diversity of all marshes surveyed in Keller's study (2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Native and invasive plant interactions in wetlands and the minimal role of invasiveness

McGlynn

2008

Biol Invasions

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The effects of invasive plants on plants native to areas that are being invaded can be quite variable, depending on the species of the invasive plant involved as well as the physical characteristics of the location being invaded. My study focuses on the effects of Phragmites australis Linnaeus (common reed) and Lythrum salicaria L. (purple loosestrife) on the same native plant community. Uninvaded plots dominated by native plants Typha angustifolia L. (narrowleaf cattail) and Typha latifolia L. (broadleaf cattail) served as the control. I surveyed percent cover of species during early summer and midsummer for 3 years in six Hudson River freshwater tidal wetlands (sites). Differences in species richness, composition and abundance were small, but significant among invaded and uninvaded plots and among sites. However, these differences remained significant when data for dominant species (invasive and native) were removed. Differences in native plant species abundance were attributed to invasive plant species-specific characteristics and differences in species richness and composition were attributed to physical location (zonation) in these freshwater tidal marshes. ''Invasive'' status of a dominant plant species was less important in invasive plant-native plant interactions than species-specific characteristics and zonation. Further research into the effects of site and land-use on invasive plant impacts is recommended.

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Relationship between the abundance ofLythrum salicaria (purple loosestrife) and plant species richness along the Bar River, Canada

Cited by 58 publications

References 11 publications

Competitive effect versus competitive response of invasive and native wetland plant species

Competitive effect versus competitive response of invasive and native wetland plant species

Limits and effects of invasion by the nonindigenous wetland plant Lythrum salicaria (purple loosestrife): a seed bank analysis

Native and invasive plant interactions in wetlands and the minimal role of invasiveness

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