Relationship Between Structure and the Stress Pattern in the Human Mandible

Mongini, Franco; Calderale, P. M.; Barberi, G

doi:10.1177/00220345790580120101

Cited by 37 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(1 reference statement)

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“…Like the femoral midshaft, the mandible is stiffer in the longitudinal direction than in the tangential and radial directions. Therefore, the mandible has been compared, by some authors, with a long bone bent into the shape of a horseshoe (Ashman and Van Buskirk, 1987) or a parabola (Carter, 1989 (Ralph and Caputo, 1975;Ralph, 1975;Standlee et al, 1977Standlee et al, , 1981Alexandridis et al, 1991), or a layer of photoelastic material was coated on the external surface of the mandible so that the patterns of surface stress could be studied (Mongini et al, 1979;Calderale et al, 1986 (Hylander, 1984;Wolff, 1985;Weijs, 1989;Rudderman and Mullen, 1992). Although their simplicity makes their use very attractive, they are limited because they do not take into account the irregular non-uniform mandibular geometry.…”

Section: Torsionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanics of the Mandible

Eijden

2000

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine

237

155

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In this review the biomechanical behavior of the mandibular bone tissue, and of the mandibular bone as a whole, in response to external loading is discussed. A survey is given of the determinants of mandibular stiffness and strength, including the mechanical properties and distribution of bone tissue and the size and shape of the mandible. Mandibular deformations, stresses, and strains that occur during static biting and chewing are reviewed. During biting and the powerstroke of mastication, a combination of sagittal bending, corpus rotation, and transverse bending occurs. The result is a complex pattern of stresses and strains (compressive, tensile, shear, torsional) in the mandible. To be able to resist forces and bending and torsional moments, not only the material properties of the mandible but also its geometrical design is of importance. This is reflected by variables like polar and maximum and minimum moments of inertia and the relative amount and distribution of bone tissue. In the longitudinal direction, the mandible is stiffer than in transverse directions, and the vertical cross-sectional dimension of the mandible is larger than its transverse dimension. These features enhance the resistance of the mandible to the relatively large vertical shear forces and bending moments that come into play in the sagittal plane.

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Section: Torsionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanics of the Mandible

Eijden

2000

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine

237

155

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“…The use of photoelastic resin for modeling mandibular stresses was, for a time, fairly common (Lehman, 1968;Glickman et al, 1970;Nikolai and Schweiker, 1972;Hood et al, 1975;Ralph and Caputo, 1975;Ralph and Williams, 1975;Standlee et al, 1977;Mongini et al, 1979;Caputo and Standlee, 1987). The appeal of photoelastic models is obvious: complex shapes can be modeled and stresses can be visualized throughout a structure; that is, these models are an example of full-field methods (Hylander, 1985).…”

Section: Photoelastic Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental observation, theoretical models, and biomechanical inference in the study of mandibular form

Daegling

Hylander

2000

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

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Experimental studies and mathematical models are disparate approaches for inferring the stress and strain environment in mammalian jaws. Experimental designs offer accurate, although limited, characterization of biomechanical behavior, while mathematical approaches (finite element modeling in particular) offer unparalleled precision in depiction of strain magnitudes, directions, and gradients throughout the mandible. Because the empirical (experimental) and theoretical (mathematical) perspectives differ in their initial assumptions and their proximate goals, the two methods can yield divergent conclusions about how masticatory stresses are distributed in the dentary. These different sources of inference may, therefore, tangibly influence subsequent biological interpretation. In vitro observation of bone strain in primate mandibles under controlled loading conditions offers a test of finite element model predictions. Two issues which have been addressed by both finite element models and experimental approaches are: (1) the distribution of torsional shear strains in anthropoid jaws and (2) the dissipation of bite forces in the human alveolar process. Not surprisingly, the experimental data and mathematical models agree on some issues, but on others exhibit discordance. Achieving congruence between these methods is critical if the nature of the relationship of masticatory stress to mandibular form is to be intelligently assessed. A case study of functional/mechanical significance of gnathic morphology in the hominid genus Paranthropus offers insight into the potential benefit of combining theoretical and experimental approaches. Certain finite element analyses claim to have identified a biomechanical problem unrecognized in previous comparative work, which, in essence, is that the enlarged transverse dimensions of the postcanine corpus may have a less important role in resisting torsional stresses than previously thought. Experimental data have identified subperiosteal cortical thinning as a culprit in diminishing the role of cross-sectional geometry in conditioning the strain environment. These observations raise questions concerning the biomechanical significance of mandibular form in early hominids, fueling persistent arguments over whether gnathic morphology can be related to dietary specialization in the "robust" australopithecines. Nonmechanical explanations (e.g., tooth size or body size) for Paranthropus mandibular dimensions, however, are not compelling as competing hypotheses. Both theoretical and experimental models are in need of refinement before it is possible to conclude that the jaws of the "robust" australopithecines are not functionally linked to elevated masticatory loads.

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“…For a while, the use of photoelastic resin for modeling mandibular stresses was fairly common, although the potential problems with this approach are not trivial. Examples of such problems include difficulty in loading a photoelastic resin model in a sense that reflects mastication in vivo , and using the material properties of the photoelastic resin to evaluate stress–strain relationships in bone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanics and functional distortion of the human mandible

Choi

Conway

Taraschi

et al. 2014

J of Invest & Clin Dent

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The reaction to the use of finite element analysis (FEA) in the study of the human body has been particularly enthusiastic. Of equal and challenging complexity is the investigation of load/stress distribution and morphological distortion of the human mandible under functional loads. Furthermore, the mandible also impacts directly on body function and esthetics, playing a vital role, such as mastication and speech. The application of FEA to the biomechanical investigation of the oral systems, such as human teeth and mandibular bone remodeling, began in the early 1970s. The clinical significance of jaw deformation is unknown. The primary concern is that deformation might result in an ill-fitting superstructure or the creation of harmful strains in the patient-implant complex. Although mandibular implant treatment has a high success rate, the possibility of failure caused by these dimensional changes and the related micromotion cannot be ignored.

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Relationship Between Structure and the Stress Pattern in the Human Mandible

Cited by 37 publications

References 5 publications

Biomechanics of the Mandible

Biomechanics of the Mandible

Experimental observation, theoretical models, and biomechanical inference in the study of mandibular form

Biomechanics and functional distortion of the human mandible

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