Relationship between source of water, occurrence, and pathogenicity of Phytophthora plurivora

Abstract

<em>Phytophthora plurivora</em> was the most often detected species from water using rhododendron baits. The species was isolated from water of two rivers, Jasieniec and Korabiewka, a water pond and a drainage canal from March to November, 2008 (in Korabiewka river also in December). The highest population density of <em>P. plurivora</em> was observed in March and April in water pond and canal, and in May in both analysed rivers. In laboratory trials all tested isolates colonized rhododendron and poplar leaves. Isolates from drainage canal were the most pathogenic for rhododendron. Isolates detected in March from water pond and two rivers caused the quickest spread of necrosis on leaf blades. On poplar leaves the fastest development of necrotic spots was observed when isolates obtained in June and November were used for inoculation, while the isolate from September sample was less pathogenic.

Pathogenicity of Phytophthora alni complex and P. plurivora in Alnus glutinosa seedlings

“…Alder trees are mainly infected via lenticels and adventitious roots during temporary flooding events, while roots are the primary site of infection in nursery‐grown alder saplings planted in unflooded sites (Oßwald et al., ). The pathogens can spread via river systems or soil once introduced into a river basin or via planting of infected nursery stock (Jung & Blaschke, ; Orlikowski, Trzewik, Ptaszek, & Orlikowska, ). Importation of nursery stock for afforestation purposes and use of contaminated river water to irrigate nurseries may have led to the rapid spread of Phytophthora species in Europe (Jung et al., ).…”

Phytophthora hydropathica y Phytophthora drechsleri aisladas de canales de irrigación del Valle de Culiacán

“…Una hoja de cada planta evaluada se utilizó como testigo, en la cual se realizaron heridas y sólo se colocó un disco de medio de cultivo PDA. Todas las hojas fueron colocadas en una cámara húmeda a temperatura ambiente (25±2 °C) durante cinco días, tiempo durante el cual se registró diariamente la longitud del área necrosada en la hoja (Orlikowski et al, 2012).…”

“…One leaf from each plant evaluated was used as a control, in which incisions were also made, and placed in a PDA culture medium disc. All leaves were placed in a wet chamber atroom temperature (25±2 °C) for five days, during which the length of the necrotized area of the leaves was recorded on a daily basis (Orlikowski et al, 2012).…”

Effect of Defoliation on the Defense Reactions of Silver Birch (Betula pendula) Infected with Phytophthora plurivora

“…In Poland, P. plurivora has caused significant damage to oak stands in the east and south of the country, mainly at Krotoszyn Plateau [9]. In addition, there are reports on the negative impact of P. plurivora on the loss of infected plant roots [10,11]. At the same time, there is no information on defense responses that occur at the level of gene expression, photosynthetic activity, and susceptibility to other pathogens.…”