Relationship between serum adiponectin concentration, body condition score, and peripheral tissue insulin response of dairy cows during the dry period

Koster, Jenne De; Urh, C.; Hostens, Miel; Broeck, Wim Van Den; Sauerwein, H.; Opsomer, G.

doi:10.1016/j.domaniend.2016.12.004

Cited by 34 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Recent studies indicate similar functionality of adiponectin in ruminants. In dairy cows, an improved insulin response of the fatty acid and glucose metabolism was associated with higher circulating adiponectin levels (De Koster et al, 2017). In vitro AMPK activation was increased and triglyceride content decreased in bovine hepatocytes treated with adiponectin (Chen et al, 2013).…”

Section: Influence Of Adipocyte Size and Adipose Depot On Adipoq And mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Therefore, the lack of association between adipocyte size and ADIPOQ expression in the present study does not exclude a potential association between adiponectin concentration and fatness of the animals. Indeed, a negative correlation between serum adiponectin concentration and BCS has been demonstrated (Singh et al, 2014;De Koster et al, 2017). Besides its well-described role in the regulation of feed intake, leptin exerts proinflammatory effects by activating the inflammatory cascade in immune cells in humans and rodents (Ingvartsen and Boisclair, 2001;Paz-Filho et al, 2012).…”

Section: Influence Of Adipocyte Size and Adipose Depot On Adipoq And mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of adipocyte size and adipose depot on the number of adipose tissue macrophages and the expression of adipokines in dairy cows at the end of pregnancy

Depreester

Koster

Poucke

et al. 2018

Journal of Dairy Science

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The aim of this study was to determine the number of adipose tissue macrophages (ATM) and the mRNA expression of adipokines [adiponectin (ADIPOQ), leptin (LEP), interleukin 6 (IL6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and interleukin 10 (IL10)] in different adipose depots from cows with a variable body condition score (BCS) at the end of the dry period. We hypothesized that the number of ATM and the expression of these adipokines depend on adipocyte size and the anatomical location of the adipose depot. Subcutaneous, omental, mesenteric, perirenal, and intrapelvic adipose tissue samples were taken immediately after euthanasia of 10 Holstein Friesian dairy cows (upcoming parity 2 to 5, age 3.9 ± 1.4 yr; mean ± standard deviation) at the end of pregnancy (actual days of pregnancy at the moment of euthanasia: 269 ± 5 d). During the dry period, all animals received similar diets to meet but not exceed requirements. Five animals were considered to have a normal BCS (2.5-3.5) and 5 animals were considered to be over-conditioned (BCS = 3.75-5). Body weight of the animals at the moment of euthanasia was 717 ± 77 kg. Expression of the different genes was determined by reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR. Adipocyte size was determined by measuring the area of 100 adipocytes on histological sections. Average adipocyte area was 10,475 ± 1,019, 8,500 ± 780, 10,383 ± 1,227, 11,466 ± 1,039, and 11,087 ± 1,632 µm for the subcutaneous, mesenteric, omental, intrapelvic, and perirenal adipose depot, respectively. Immunohistochemistry using anti-bovine CD172a antibodies was performed to determine the proportion of ATM (the number of CD172a-positive cells per 100 adipocytes, given as a percentage). Expression of LEP, IL6, and TNF was positively associated with adipocyte size, whereas no association could be detected between ADIPOQ and IL10 with the size of the adipocytes. The omental adipose depot was especially infiltrated with ATM (1.92 ± 0.55, 1.10 ± 0.33, and 8.28 ± 2.24% for the subcutaneous, mesenteric, and omental adipose depot, respectively). The proportion of ATM was positively associated with the size of the adipocytes in the omental and mesenteric adipose depot. Expression of ADIPOQ, LEP, IL6, TNF, and IL10 differed among depots, which suggests differences in inflammatory characteristics depending on the anatomical location of depots. In conclusion, the results of the present study confirm the adipose tissue as a potential source of inflammatory mediators and demonstrate ATM infiltration, especially in the omental adipose depot.

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Section: Influence Of Adipocyte Size and Adipose Depot On Adipoq And mentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Influence Of Adipocyte Size and Adipose Depot On Adipoq And mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of adipocyte size and adipose depot on the number of adipose tissue macrophages and the expression of adipokines in dairy cows at the end of pregnancy

Depreester

Koster

Poucke

et al. 2018

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…Simultaneously, low insulin secretion and low insulin sensitivity of peripheral tissues except for the mammary gland inhibit the reuptake of circulating nutrients and additionally support lipolysis (De Koster and Opsomer, 2013). Adipocytokines interact along with insulin in nutrient uptake to peripheral tissues (De Koster et al, 2017). Low circulating adiponectin concentrations in mice were associated with a higher degree of insulin resistance, whereas an increase in adiponectin enhanced insulin sensitivity (Fang and Judd, 2018).…”

Section: Endocrine Adaptations Related To Energy and Nutrient Homeostmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invited review: Metabolic challenges and adaptation during different functional stages of the mammary gland in dairy cows: Perspectives for sustainable milk production

Gross

Bruckmaier

2019

Journal of Dairy Science

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Milk production of dairy cows has increased markedly during recent decades and continues to increase further. The evolutionarily conserved direction of nutrients to the mammary gland immediately after calving provided the basis for successful selective breeding toward higher performance. Considerable variation in adaptive responses toward energy and nutrient shortages exists; however, this variation in adaptability recently gained interest for identifying more metabolically robust dairy cows. Metabolic challenges during periods of high milk production considerably affect the immune system, reproductive performance, and product quality as well as animal welfare. Moreover, growing consumer concerns need to be taken into consideration because the public perception of industrialized dairy cow farming, the high dependency on feed sources suitable for human nutrition, and the apparently abundant use of antibiotics may affect the sales of dairy products. Breeding for high yield continues, but the metabolic challenges increasingly come close to the adaptational limits of meeting the mammary gland's requirements. The aim of the present review is to elucidate metabolic challenges and adaptational limitations at different functional stages of the mammary gland in dairy cows. From the challenges and adaptational limitations, we derive perspectives for sustainable milk production. Based on previous research, we highlight the importance of metabolic plasticity in adaptation mechanisms at different functional stages of the mammary gland. Metabolic adaptation and plasticity change among developing, nonlactating, remodeling, and lactational stages of the mammary gland. A higher metabolic plasticity in early-lactating dairy cows could be indicative of resilience, and a high performance level without an extraordinary occurrence of health disorders can be achieved.

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“…A recent study exploring the association between postpartum plasma insulin and NEFA and BHBA concentrations demonstrated that cows with low plasma insulin had significantly higher concentrations of circulating NEFA; moreover, cows with low plasma insulin during early postpartum produced more milk and had higher FCM (fat corrected milk) or ECM (energy corrected milk) compared with cows with high plasma insulin [23]. The serum adiponectin concentration was positively associated with the insulin responsiveness of glucose and NEFA metabolism [24]. Most of the studies that investigated hormone concentration in the context of fat and glucose metabolism used multiparous cows in their experiments; however, differences and changes in fat metabolic hormone levels among primiparous cows, especially the direct effects mechanism, are not fully understood and deserve further investigation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Body Condition Score Changes During Peripartum on the Postpartum Health and Production Performance of Primiparous Dairy Cows

Wang

Huo

Sun

et al. 2019

Animals

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This is a prospective observational study that evaluates the effects of body condition score (BCS) changes in primiparous Holstein cows during peripartum on their NEFA and BHBA concentrations, hormone levels, postpartum health, and production performance. The cows under study (n = 213) were assessed to determine their BCS (5-point scale; 0.25-point increment) once a week during the whole peripartum by the same researchers; backfat was used for corrections. Blood samples were collected 21 and 7 days before calving and 7, 21, and 35 days after calving, and were assayed for NEFA, BHBA, growth hormone (GH), insulin, leptin, and adiponectin concentrations. The incidence of disease and milk yield were recorded until 84 days after calving. Cows were classified according to their BCS changes during peripartum as follows: Those that gained BCS (G; ΔBCS ≥ 0.25), maintained BCS (M; ΔBCS = 0–0.25), or lost BCS (L; ΔBCS ≥ 0.5). The BCS at −21 days and at 7, 14, and 21 days were different (p < 0.01), but trended toward uniformity in all groups at calving. The L group had higher NEFA and BHBA concentrations and hormone levels (p < 0.01) than the M and G groups at 21 and 35 days after calving, and had a higher incidence of uterine and metabolic diseases; however, there were no differences in production performance between the various groups. In conclusion, a lower BCS in primiparous cows during peripartum influences the NEFA and BHBA concentrations, hormone levels, and occurrence of health problems postpartum. The postpartum effects of BCS changes appear prior to calving.

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Relationship between serum adiponectin concentration, body condition score, and peripheral tissue insulin response of dairy cows during the dry period

Cited by 34 publications

References 19 publications

Influence of adipocyte size and adipose depot on the number of adipose tissue macrophages and the expression of adipokines in dairy cows at the end of pregnancy

Influence of adipocyte size and adipose depot on the number of adipose tissue macrophages and the expression of adipokines in dairy cows at the end of pregnancy

Invited review: Metabolic challenges and adaptation during different functional stages of the mammary gland in dairy cows: Perspectives for sustainable milk production

Effects of Body Condition Score Changes During Peripartum on the Postpartum Health and Production Performance of Primiparous Dairy Cows

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