Relationship between seed germination physiological characteristics and germination percentages of direct-seeded hybrid Indica rice under low-temperature and anaerobic interaction

Abstract

Low-temperature and anaerobic conditions are two major limiting factors in the germination of direct-seeded rice. Sixteen hybrid Indica rice varieties were screened and subjected to two different temperatures and oxygen levels. The results revealed that relative to anaerobic conditons, low-temperature is the key limiting factor for seed germination. For all varieties, relative to normal temperature (30°C) and aerobic conditions (89.0% germination), the germination percentages when seeds were germinated under anaerobic (normal temperature), low-temperature (15°C) or combined anaerobic and low-temperature conditions were 64.0, 46.0 and 23.2%, respectively. Under the three latter treatments, the soluble sugar (SS) and gibberellin (GA) was significantly decreased, the abscisic acid (ABA) had significantly increased by 14.6–251.8%, and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) initially increased by 30.2–49.7% and decreased thereafter by 34.7%. Seeds of ‘Shen 9 you 28’ and ‘Jingliangyou 534’ performed better than seeds of the other varieties, with high germination percentages, SS, SOD, GA and low ABA. Correlation analysis revealed that the germination percentages were significantly correlated with the SS, SOD, GA, ABA and GA/ABA. Elevated SS, GA and SOD, as well as reduced ABA content were thought to account for the high germination of rice varieties resistant to combined low-temperature and anaerobic stress.

Efficacy of Carbon Nanodots and Manganese Ferrite (MnFe2O4) Nanoparticles in Stimulating Growth and Antioxidant Activity in Drought-Stressed Maize Inbred Lines

“…Developing novel varieties and hybrids requires the screening and inclusion of genotypes with high germination percentages [ 47 ]. As mentioned in the Results Section, there were high germination percentages for the majority of the 41 maize lines ( Figure 1 ), which is consistent with another study conducted on 16 rice varieties under normal conditions [ 48 ]. The endogenous plant hormones gibberellic acid (GA) and abscisic acid (ABA) are the primary factors that regulate seed dormancy and germination.…”

“…The endogenous plant hormones gibberellic acid (GA) and abscisic acid (ABA) are the primary factors that regulate seed dormancy and germination. In particular, low GA/ABA concentrations may trigger seed dormancy, leading to low germination [ 48 ]. Moreover, environmental factors such as light, temperature, soil moisture and pH are known to influence seed germination [ 49 ].…”

Seed Germination and Growth Improvement for Early Maturing Pear Breeding

“…After dissecting the fruit, we observed that the seed coat color had changed from white to dark brown, indicating a complete post-maturing process [ 37 ]. We speculated that the fruit pulp may weaken the seed’s ability to perceive changes in the external environment, which, together with the isolation of oxygen, limits seed germination [ 38 , 39 ]. For the seed preservation group, the pear seeds reached their highest germination rates of 85% after 100 days of cold stratification.…”

The Combination of <i>Achnatherum inebrians</i> Extracts and Soil Microorganisms Inhibited Seed Germination and Seedling Growth in <i>Elymus nutans</i>

“…Drunken horse grass (Achnatherum inebrians) is a common poisonous grass in the Poaceae, and it is widely distributed in the natural grasslands of Northern China [4][5][6]. Studies have shown that this species has invaded more than 85% of the land in some severely degraded areas [7][8][9]. A. inebrians grows rapidly on grasslands, and it competes with other plants for space to grow, nutrients, water, and other resources, which leads to degradation of the grassland and a decrease in high-quality forage [10,11].…”