Relationship Between Resistance to Boophilus Microplus, Nutritional Status, and Blood Composition in Shorthorn X Hereford Cattle

O'Kelly, JC; Seifert, GW

doi:10.1071/bi9691497

Cited by 29 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Almost identical tick counts were produced by 9 g and 28 g of tick larvae on the animals fed low-and high-quality diets respectively. Thus, the percentage yield of mature ticks was about three times greater on low-quality than on highquality feed, suggesting a marked effect of nutrition on resistance and agreeing with previous findings (O'Kelly and Seifert 1969). However, the two experiments were carried out at different times of the year and the possibility of seasonal variation in tick resistance must be considered.…”

Section: (0) Conclusionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…A previous study (O'Kelly and Seifert 1969) showed weight gains and significant increases in haematocrit in lightly infested Shorthorn X Hereford steers on highquality diets. This investigation demonstrates that even an adequate diet cannot counterbalance the depression in growth rate and certain blood parameters caused by heavy tick burdens.…”

Section: (B) Experiments 2: Steers On High-quality Feedmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Blood composition changes were investigated in tick-infested Shorthorn X Hereford steers on a diet deficient in protein and energy and on a diet which was adequate (O'Kelly and Seifert 1969). The results measured the combined influence of poor nutrition and tick infestation but did not evaluate the influence each exerted independently.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of Tick (Boophilus Microplus) Infestations on the Blood Composition of Shorthorn X Hereford Cattle on High and Low Planes of Nutrition

O'Kelly¹,

Seifert²

1970

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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Section: (0) Conclusionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: (B) Experiments 2: Steers On High-quality Feedmentioning

confidence: 84%

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The Effects of Tick (Boophilus Microplus) Infestations on the Blood Composition of Shorthorn X Hereford Cattle on High and Low Planes of Nutrition

O'Kelly¹,

Seifert²

1970

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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“…In addition to obtaining nutritional benefits, oxpeckers use their hosts as mobile perches and sources of nesting material. Ungulates, in turn, reap the benefits of ectoparasite removal by associated oxpeckers, which includes the prevention of blood loss, appetite suppression, tick toxicosis, and skin, bacterial and protozoan diseases (Little, ; O'kelly & Seifert, ; Seebeck, Spingell & O'kelly, ; Williams, Hair & Mcnew, ; Price, ; Mulilo, ; Norval et al ., ; Hart, Hart & Mooring, ; Oorebeek & Kleindorfer, ). Because of this cleaning behaviour, the oxpecker–ungulate interaction is generally categorized as mutualistic, an interspecific interaction in which each species receives a net benefit (Bronstein, ,b, , ; Holland & Deangelis, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding preferences of the red‐billed oxpecker, Buphagus erythrorhynchus: a parasitic mutualist?

et al. 2012

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The oxpecker-ungulate association of sub-Saharan Africa is an example of a complicated interspecific association subject to variation in outcome. Oxpeckers (Buphagus spp.) are unusual birds because they not only glean ticks from an array of African ungulates, but they are one of the few avian species known to wound-feed from their living hosts. The conditions under which oxpeckers wound-feed and the mechanisms generating variation in this association are unclear. We took a unique approach to studying the relationship by conducting a series of feeding preference experiments on twelve captive red-billed oxpeckers (B. erythrorhynchus). We assessed how oxpecker feeding behaviour is influenced by changes in tick abundance and tick type. In cafeteria-style experiments, oxpeckers fed equally on ticks and liquid bovine blood. In experiments using donkeys as the host animal, oxpeckers spent more time wound-feeding when a less-preferred tick type was available and when tick abundance was low compared to when a preferred tick type was available and when tick abundance was high. However, oxpeckers still wound-fed even when offered a large number of the ticks they prefer. Additional experiments incorporating tick species of different stages and multiple ungulate species are necessary to fully reveal the dynamics of this association.

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“…The same effect might be produced by tick infestation in cattle. O'Kelly and Seifert (1969) showed that blood phospholipid decreased during tick infestation when the level of nutrition was below maintenance. Phospholipase A is one of the two enzyme components of bee venom which are antigenic (Habermann 1972).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boophilus microplus: Characterization of Enzymes Introduced Into the Host

Schleger¹,

Lincoln²

1976

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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A number of enzymes, presumably secreted by larvae of B. micro plus under natural feeding conditions, have been investigated in the skin of previously unexposed calves 4 h after infestation at the attachment site.Carboxylic ester hydrolase activity was demonstrated in the dermis, immediately adjacent to the mouthparts, or in the attachment cone, depending on substrate and reaction pH. The carboxylic ester hydrolase acting on naphthol AS-D acetate (2-acetoxy-3-naphthoic-O-toluidide) at pH 7·1 was characteristically found in the dermis and not in the attachment cone. The use of specific inhibitors showed that this enzyme was primarily a B-esterase or carboxylesterase with possibly a small portion of C-esterase or acetylesterase. It is postulated that carboxylic ester hydrolase could contribute to the dilation observed in the subepidermal capillaries adjacent to the attachment sites of unexposed animals, through the formation of plasma kinins.Other enzymes demonstrated in the dermis, adjacent to the mouthparts, were triacylglycerol lipase, as an aggregated deposit, and small amounts of aminopeptidase (microsomal) and monophenol monooxygenase. Aminopeptidase (microsomal) was also demonstrated in the attachment cone or adjacent epidermis, according to the substrate used.No activity was found in the host tissue, in association with the attachment site, for either alkaline or acid phosphatase, acetylcholinesterase or cholinesterase, peroxidase or amine oxidase (flavin-containing), despite the intense histochemical reaction for the latter in the tissues of larvae.

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Relationship Between Resistance to Boophilus Microplus, Nutritional Status, and Blood Composition in Shorthorn X Hereford Cattle

Cited by 29 publications

References 19 publications

The Effects of Tick (Boophilus Microplus) Infestations on the Blood Composition of Shorthorn X Hereford Cattle on High and Low Planes of Nutrition

The Effects of Tick (Boophilus Microplus) Infestations on the Blood Composition of Shorthorn X Hereford Cattle on High and Low Planes of Nutrition

Feeding preferences of the red‐billed oxpecker, Buphagus erythrorhynchus: a parasitic mutualist?

Boophilus microplus: Characterization of Enzymes Introduced Into the Host

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