Relationship between Recreational Resources in the School Neighborhood and Changes in Fitness in New York City Public School Students

Bezold, Carla; Stark, James H.; Rundle, Andrew; Konty, Kevin; Day, Sophia E.; Quinn, James W.; Neckerman, Kathryn M.; Roux, Ana V. Diez

doi:10.1007/s11524-016-0114-1

Cited by 25 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Local government and health department action has the ability to directly impact neighborhood environment through actions related to zoning, parks, and provision of services [79][80][81]. Further, a larger local government like New York City -the setting for this study -represents a population with tremendous diversity in characteristics (neighborhoods differ) and outcomes (neighborhoods demonstrate disparities) [29,[82][83][84][85]. Thus, understanding the link between neighborhood and health is critically important to understanding and addressing local health outcomes, such as obesity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research examining how neighborhood impacts obesity is particularly needed, in order to drive public and political support for evidence-based environmental policy change [24]. Various neighborhood characteristics may contribute to obesity including availability of green space, access to supermarkets, pollution, traffic, social norms, and safety/crime [25][26][27][28][29]. However, it is difficult to disentangle the influence of each neighborhood characteristic because many overlap with one another and occur within the broader context of neighborhood racial/ethnic/economic segregation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of change in neighborhood poverty on BMI trajectory of 37,544 New York City youth: a longitudinal study

et al. 2020

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Background Neighborhood poverty may increase childhood obesity risk. However, evidence for the neighborhood poverty-obesity relationship is limited. The purpose of this study was to examine how moving to a higher or lower poverty neighborhood impacts body mass index (BMI) z-score trajectories among youth, with the goal of informing policy change, interventions, and clinical practices to reduce childhood obesity. Methods Methods entailed secondary analysis of existing longitudinal data. The sample included youth attending New York City public schools in grades kindergarten through twelfth from school years 2006/2007 through 2016/2017. Eligibility criteria included moving to a higher or lower poverty neighborhood during the data midpoint [school years 2010/2011 through 2013/2014] of the 12-year data-period; New York City-specific metrics were used to define both neighborhood (Neighborhood Tabulation Area) and relevant neighborhood poverty levels (< 5, 5 to < 10%, 10 to < 20%, 20 to < 30%, 30 to < 40% and ≥ 40% of individuals below Federal Poverty Level). Two-piece latent growth curve models were used to describe BMI z-score trajectories of youth who moved to higher versus lower poverty neighborhoods, with propensity score weighting to account for preexisting differences between the two groups. Primary analyses were stratified by sex and exploratory subgroup analyses were stratified by sex and developmental stage (early childhood, middle childhood, and adolescence) to explore sensitive periods for neighborhood poverty exposure. Results Of 532,513 youth with home address data, 18,370 youth moved to a higher poverty neighborhood and 19,174 moved to a lower poverty neighborhood (n = 37,544). Females and males who moved to a higher poverty neighborhood experienced less favorable BMI z-score trajectories for obesity risk, though effects were small. Exploratory subgroup analyses demonstrated that negative effects of neighborhood poverty were most pronounced among young and adolescent females and young males, whereas effects were mixed for other subgroups. Conclusions Youth who moved to higher poverty neighborhoods experienced less favorable BMI z-score trajectories for obesity risk, though effects were small and most consistent for females and younger youth. Additional research is needed to illuminate neighborhood poverty’s impact on obesity, in order to inform policy, intervention, clinical, and research efforts to reduce obesity and improve child well-being.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of change in neighborhood poverty on BMI trajectory of 37,544 New York City youth: a longitudinal study

et al. 2020

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“…Data for this study were drawn from the NYC Fitnessgram data set jointly managed by the NYC Department of Education (DOE) and Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH), which has been described elsewhere . Briefly, child‐level student fitness data were collected by NYC DOE staff.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continued Decline in Obesity and Severe Obesity Prevalence Among New York City Public School Youth in Grades K‐8: 2011‐2017

Day

D’Agostino

Huang

et al. 2020

Obesity

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Objective This study aimed to estimate population‐level prevalence of obesity and severe obesity for New York City youth and examine the most recent trends over time. Methods All public school youth in grades kindergarten through eighth (K‐8) (2011‐2012 through 2016‐2017) with valid weight and height measures were included (N = 1,137,782 unique students; 3,720,297 observations). Age‐ and sex‐specific BMI percentiles for obesity and severe obesity were estimated using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts. Repeated cross‐sectional analyses were conducted using logistic regression, weighting for missing or invalid responses and accounting for clustering by students and schools to examine trends over time and by sociodemographics. Results Among youth in K‐8 (aged 5‐15 years, 48.8% girls), the prevalence of obesity and severe obesity in 2011‐2012 was 21.5% and 6.4%, respectively, compared with 20.2% and 6.0%, respectively, in 2016‐2017. Since 2011‐2012, decreasing trends in obesity and severe obesity (relative declines: 6.0% and 6.3%, respectively, P < 0.001) have been observed. Significant decreases were observed for all subgroups (P < 0.001), although there remained disparities in relative declines over time by race/ethnicity and poverty. Conclusions Decreasing trends in obesity and severe obesity among all New York City K‐8 public school youth are promising; however, persistent disparities highlight the need to improve intervention design and implementation strategies for groups disproportionately burdened by obesity.

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“…Data for this study were drawn from the NYC Fitnessgram dataset jointly managed by NYC Department of Education (DOE) and DOHMH, and have been described elsewhere. 20, 26-29 Briefly, teachers collected child-level student height and weight annually in NYC public schools. Students’ height and weight measurements were taken annually during physical education classes among K-12 students as part of the NYC Fitnessgram curriculum using a standard protocol.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latino children’s obesity risk varies by place of birth: Findings from New York City public school youth, 2006-2017

Flórez

Day

Huang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Introduction: Research showing Place of Birth (POB) predicts excess weight gain and obesity risk among Latino adults has not prompted similar research in Latino children, although childhood is a critical period for preventing obesity. Methods: Longitudinal cohort observational study on public school children self-identified by parent/guardian as Latino in grades K-12 for school years 2006-07 through 2016-17 with measured weight and height (n= 570,172students; 3,10,3642observations). POB reported by parent/guardian was categorized as continental US (not NYC) (n=295,693), NYC (n=166,361), South America (n=19,452), Central America (n=10,241), Dominican Republic (n=57,0880), Puerto Rico (n=9,687) and Mexico (n=9,647). Age- and sex-specific BMI percentiles were estimated based on established growth charts. Data were analyzed in 2020. Results: Prevalence of obesity was highest among US (non-NYC)-born girls (21%) and boys (27%), followed by NYC-born girls (19%) and boys (25%). Among girls, South Americans (9%) had the lowest prevalence of all levels of obesity, while Puerto Ricans (19%) and Dominicans (15%) had the highest prevalence. Among boys, South Americans also had the lowest prevalence of all levels of obesity (15%), while Puerto Ricans (22%) and Mexicans (21%) had the highest. In adjusted models, obesity risk was highest in US (non-NYC)-born children, followed by children born in NYC (p<0.001). Immigrant Latino children exhibited an advantage, particularly Dominicans, South Americans and Puerto Ricans, and even after controlling for individual and neighborhood sociodemographic features including linguistic isolation and poverty. Conclusions: The heterogeneity of obesity risk among Latino children highlights the importance of POB.

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Relationship between Recreational Resources in the School Neighborhood and Changes in Fitness in New York City Public School Students

Cited by 25 publications

References 32 publications

The impact of change in neighborhood poverty on BMI trajectory of 37,544 New York City youth: a longitudinal study

The impact of change in neighborhood poverty on BMI trajectory of 37,544 New York City youth: a longitudinal study

Continued Decline in Obesity and Severe Obesity Prevalence Among New York City Public School Youth in Grades K‐8: 2011‐2017

Latino children’s obesity risk varies by place of birth: Findings from New York City public school youth, 2006-2017

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