Abstract:Urban development endangers agricultural and natural areas. It causes the rural population to immigrate to urban areas due to appealing life standards and leads to the extinction of rural areas. In addition, reduced rural population causes urban areas to select rural areas as development areas. This problem of rural areas can be better described in the areas that have completed their urban development but still continue to develop. This article discusses the effect of population in determining the areas which … Show more
“…It is important to also note that the MPS for the LS patch type increased by 54.8% from 2011 to 2017. The results from a study of urbanization in Bangalore, India observe that there was a large-scale conversion of small patches to a large single patch, which is evidence of urbanization [35]. In this study, the case is that despite general social improvement, urbanization is still expanding in an unplanned and dispersed manner.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 60%
“…The decrease in lowland savannas accommodates for agricultural land use expansion. It is also in this area that the country has seen a drastic increase in population and settlement size [35]. Figure 6b depicts the agricultural expansion (red) in the most significant years, 2001 to 2017.…”
Landscape metrics have been of game changing importance in the analysis of ecosystems' composition and landscape cohesion. With the increasing urban and agricultural expansion, the natural flora and fauna of many highly diverse areas have been degraded. Fragmentation of ecosystems and habitats have stressed the biodiversity of Belize. To understand the dynamics of this change, a study was conducted using three moderately separate years of ecosystem landscape data. The metrics used for the analysis were area-weighted mean shape index (AWMSI), mean shape index (MSI), edge density (ED), mean patch size (MPS), number of patches (NUMP), and class area (CA). These metrics were produced for the years 2001, 2011, and 2017. The classes of agricultural use, lowland savannas, mangroves and littoral forests, urban, and wetlands were the subjects for analysis. Using the GIS extension Patch Analyst, parametric runs were performed. From these results, a one-way ANOVA test of the NUMP, Tukey HSD test, and Scheffé Multiple Comparison test were performed. The results indicate that there has been significant habitat fragmentation, especially from the years 2001 to 2011. Agricultural areas increased by 19.37% in just 10 years, with the NUMP of some habitats increasing by 284%. The results also show fluctuation in ED and a decrease in overall MPS, all indicating high fragmentation. These changes have been mostly induced due to the expansion of agricultural activities and urbanization, especially in the northern parts of Belize. It is imperative that additional policies be implemented to deter the effects of habitat fragmentation upon the existing ecosystems of Belize and elsewhere.
“…It is important to also note that the MPS for the LS patch type increased by 54.8% from 2011 to 2017. The results from a study of urbanization in Bangalore, India observe that there was a large-scale conversion of small patches to a large single patch, which is evidence of urbanization [35]. In this study, the case is that despite general social improvement, urbanization is still expanding in an unplanned and dispersed manner.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 60%
“…The decrease in lowland savannas accommodates for agricultural land use expansion. It is also in this area that the country has seen a drastic increase in population and settlement size [35]. Figure 6b depicts the agricultural expansion (red) in the most significant years, 2001 to 2017.…”
Landscape metrics have been of game changing importance in the analysis of ecosystems' composition and landscape cohesion. With the increasing urban and agricultural expansion, the natural flora and fauna of many highly diverse areas have been degraded. Fragmentation of ecosystems and habitats have stressed the biodiversity of Belize. To understand the dynamics of this change, a study was conducted using three moderately separate years of ecosystem landscape data. The metrics used for the analysis were area-weighted mean shape index (AWMSI), mean shape index (MSI), edge density (ED), mean patch size (MPS), number of patches (NUMP), and class area (CA). These metrics were produced for the years 2001, 2011, and 2017. The classes of agricultural use, lowland savannas, mangroves and littoral forests, urban, and wetlands were the subjects for analysis. Using the GIS extension Patch Analyst, parametric runs were performed. From these results, a one-way ANOVA test of the NUMP, Tukey HSD test, and Scheffé Multiple Comparison test were performed. The results indicate that there has been significant habitat fragmentation, especially from the years 2001 to 2011. Agricultural areas increased by 19.37% in just 10 years, with the NUMP of some habitats increasing by 284%. The results also show fluctuation in ED and a decrease in overall MPS, all indicating high fragmentation. These changes have been mostly induced due to the expansion of agricultural activities and urbanization, especially in the northern parts of Belize. It is imperative that additional policies be implemented to deter the effects of habitat fragmentation upon the existing ecosystems of Belize and elsewhere.
“…The insufficiency of land (which is the basis for all agricultural production) appears today as a threat to the sustainability of agriculture. This phenomenon of the inadequacy of land is accentuated by the intense urbanisation currently observed in many developing countries which prevents the development of urban agriculture (Jama and Pizarro, 2008;Satterthwaite et al, 2010, Jayne et al, 2014Ergen 2016;Lasisi et al, 2017;Peerzado et al, 2019). Efficiency is an imperative factor in productivity growth.…”
This study estimated the profitability and the level of technical efficiency of the onion farms. It also identified factors that contribute to technical efficiency in onion production. Data were collected from 180 randomly selected onion farms using a pretested interview schedule. Partial budgeting techniques and the stochastic production frontier were modeled for data analysis. Profitability indices revealed a value of 0.771 and 0.280 for operating ratio and return to capital invested respectively. The mean technical efficiency score for the farms was 88.35%. Quantities of water and onion seedlings, farm size, household size, and farming experience significantly affected the technical efficiency of the farms. The study concluded that onion production was profitable in the study area. The government should look into the possibility of providing an alternative source of irrigation for the farmers to conserve water and lower the cost of irrigation.
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