Relationship between pigment properties and UV-curing efficiency

Jahn, Reiner; Jung, Tunja

doi:10.1016/s0300-9440(01)00221-1

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Photopolymerization of thick (greater than 1 mm) layers of monomers has found several applications in the field of composites materials . In order to overcome the limit of the light‐intensity attenuation it is useful to increase light intensity; it is also desirable to have a low initiator concentration and use a photobleachable initiator, allowing light to pass through the system . As mentioned previously, cationic photopolymerization involves the formation of long‐lived active centers and this leads to a post‐polymerization (dark cure) after the irradiation has ceased .…”

Section: Cationic Uv‐curing Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cationic UV-Curing: Technology and Applications

Sangermano

Razza

Crivello

2014

Macromol. Mater. Eng.

252

244

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This paper reviews the field of cationic UV‐curing and reports recent progress made in understanding the fundamental chemistry and in technology applications. Radiation curing technologies are expanding rapidly on an industrial scale and interest in cationic photopolymerizations has advanced rapidly. In particular, the cationic UV‐curing process presents additional benefits, including: the absence of air inhibition, a “dark‐curing” reaction, low levels of toxicity and irritation, and a lower volume shrinkage during photopolymerization. In this review, a large number of papers and patents are reviewed and critically discussed specifically with respect to the application of cationic UV‐curing technology in the field of coatings, composites, adhesives, and inks.

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Section: Cationic Uv‐curing Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cationic UV-Curing: Technology and Applications

Sangermano

Razza

Crivello

2014

Macromol. Mater. Eng.

252

244

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“…Photocurable systems containing pigments and functional fillers are essential for traditional applications such as printing inks, and advanced applications such as color photoresist and 3D printing . However, as compared to the clear system in which the incident light is primarily absorbed by the photoinitiator, the added pigments or colored fillers in resins absorb, reflect, and scatter the light leading to a reduction in the polymerization rate and the final conversion . In a dark system, the penetrating ability of light into the resin and the rate and amount of reactive species generated is further reduced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering that the pigment properties significantly affect the photopolymerization performance, Shao and coworkers encapsulated 3‐(trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate onto the pigment particle surface to produce efficient blue light curable inks with activated organic pigment particles . Another method to improve curing efficiency is to let the absorption spectra of photoinitiators avoid the “absorption window” of pigments . Although these strategies have improved the photocuring efficiency, curing depth is still an issue to be addressed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient photopolymerization of thick pigmented systems using upconversion nanoparticles‐assisted photochemistry

Chen

Wang

et al. 2018

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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Photopolymerization of thick pigmented systems still remains challenging due to the light screening effect of the pigments. Here, we present a facile method based on upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs)-assisted photochemistry to achieve efficient photopolymerization and improved curing depth of pigmented systems. Under a 980-nm laser irradiation, UCNPs are able to convert NIR light into UV and visible light to activate photoinitiators for the initiation of polymerization. Influencing factors on photopolymerization were systematically investigated. With optimal parameters, 25.5 mm of photopolymerization depth combined with 70% of maximal double bond conversion was obtained. The peak temperature of 120.4 8C during UCNPs-assisted photopolymerization is comparable with or lower than that of some reported frontal photopolymerization applied to prepare functional composite polymeric materials. Both indentation hardness and reduced modulus of the photocured materials using UCNPs as internal lamps were higher than those of the reference cured under traditional blue LED light.

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“…Additionally, nonreactive additives such as pigments, adhesion promoters, and surface active agents are also introduced into formulations depending on the specific application. [7][8][9][10][11][12] The oligomers impart properties associated with their basic structure. Typical commercial oligomers are urethane acrylate, polyester acrylate, silicone acrylate, and epoxy acrylate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultraviolet‐curing behavior of an epoxy acrylate resin system

Hong

Shin

Kim

2005

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Ultraviolet (UV)-curing behavior of an epoxy acrylate resin system comprising an epoxy acrylate oligomer, a reactive diluent, and a photoinitiator was investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The conversion changes of the resin system containing 20 phr of 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate as a reactive diluent and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propan-1-one as a photoinitiator were measured under different UV-curing conditions. The fractional conversion was calculated from the area of the absorption peak for the vinyl group vibration occurring at 810 cm Ϫ1 . The effects of photoinitiator concentration, total UV dosage, one-step or stepwise UV irradiation, UV intensity, atmosphere, and temperature on the curing behavior of the resin system were investigated. The conversion of the resin system increased rapidly at the initial stage of the UV-curing process but increased very slowly after that. The final conversion of the resin system was mainly affected by total UV dosage.

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Relationship between pigment properties and UV-curing efficiency

Cited by 19 publications

References 1 publication

Cationic UV-Curing: Technology and Applications

Cationic UV-Curing: Technology and Applications

Efficient photopolymerization of thick pigmented systems using upconversion nanoparticles‐assisted photochemistry

Ultraviolet‐curing behavior of an epoxy acrylate resin system

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