Relationship Between Personality Dimensions and Hopelessness: A Study on College Students

Extraversion and happiness: The mediating role of social support and hope

“…It has been documented in the literature that extraversion is related to hope and may account for the individual differences in hope (e.g., Halama & Dědová, ). For example, extraversion has been found to have a negative relationship with hopelessness (Bayrami et al, ; Duberstein, Laurent, Conner, Conwell, & Cox, ; Göktan & Akbağ, ). Mutlu, Balbag, and Cemrek () found that sociable and cheerful extraverts tend to communicate problems to their friends and family and hence reported a lower level of hopelessness.…”

Do extraversion and neuroticism moderate the association between bullying victimization and internalizing symptoms? A three-wave longitudinal study

“…One possibility for this result is that adolescents with high levels of extraversion tend to seek out social support, engage in fun-seeking and react with positive emotions (Epkins & Heckler, 2011), which, in turn, could be a protective factor against the chronicity of depressive symptoms. Moreover, extraversion could reduce hopelessness inferences (Bayrami et al, 2012), which in turn contribute to increasing levels of depression (Calvete, Villardón, & Estévez, 2008;Cole et al, 2008). Yet, neuroticism predicted both depression and social anxiety, and this result is consistent with the idea that neuroticism is a common vulnerability factor with regard to internalizing symptoms (Griffith et al, 2010).…”

“…For example, they may rely on support from other peers as a resource for coping with bullying. They also can interpret the victimization events as transitory and focus their attention on other positive aspects of their lives, as extraversion is negatively associated with hopelessness (Bayrami et al, 2012).…”

Investigation of Maladjustment Based on Identity Status: Foreclosure, Identity Diffusion, Moratorium and Identity Achievement

“…Besides, since these people have no specific ideology, they have various and contradictory beliefs that confront them with serious conflicts, and such conflicts seem to increase their pressure and anxiety and hence they look for a mechanism to reduce their pressure, employing drug abuse and maladjusted behaviors as pressure reduction mechanisms. When these mechanisms come in handy and reduce the person's anxiety and pressure and put the temporal lid on the psychological conflicts, they act in the form of negative reinforcement, improve drug abuse, and maladjusted behaviors in the person [29][30][31][32].…”