Relationship Between Palatally Impacted Canines and Sella Turcica Bridging

Abstract

To investigate the association between palatal canines and sella bridging as well as to establish the type of calcification of sella common to subjects with impacted canines. METHODOLOGY: The sample included male and female patients aged above 12 years, presenting to the orthodontic OPD of Bahria University Medical and Dental College for fixed or removable orthodontic treatment the sample was 105 divided into subjects (34) and control (71) groups. The control group included patients having normally erupted canines while subjects included at least one palatally impacted canine. The presence of impacted canines was confirmed on OPG while sellae dimensions were measured on lateral cephalometric radiographs. Data was analyzed and factors such as sella dimensions (length, depth and diameter) as well as degree of calcification and its relation to presence of palatally impacted canines was determined by using Chi square test, independent sample t test as well as Pearson correlation test. RESULTS: The mean interclinoidal distance and sella diameter was reduced in subjects as compared to controls. Type II calcification was dominant in both experimental (76.5) and control (78.9) groups. There was a significant negative correlation found amongst subjects and controls using Pearson correlation. The strength of association was higher among subjects as compared to control group. CONCLUSION: Sella bridging is an indicator of palatal impaction of canines as the length and diameter of sella were reduced in experimental subjects. Type II calcification was dominant in subjects as well as control groups.

Morphological types of sella turcica bridging and sella turcica dimensions in relation to palatal canine impaction: a retrospective study

“…The difference was higher in males. A higher length in subjects with PCI is inconsistent with data reported in previous studies [14,15,23,25]. An in-depth review of the studies revealed that their results differed from each other in terms of length, even in the controls.…”

“…All the authors who studied canine impaction used the method proposed by Leonardi et al [19], which involves the sella length-todiameter ratio (method 1). Except for the study by Majeed et al [14], the prevalence of partial bridging was higher in subjects with impacted canines. The difference was statistically significant in seven studies [12,13,16,19,[22][23][24] and insignificant in two studies [14,17].…”

“…Except for the study by Majeed et al [14], the prevalence of partial bridging was higher in subjects with impacted canines. The difference was statistically significant in seven studies [12,13,16,19,[22][23][24] and insignificant in two studies [14,17]. Nevertheless, this study showed contradictory results.…”

“…Moreover, according to the second definition, the authors confuse the length with the sagittal interclinoid distance [12,14,15,17,23]. This is inaccurate since the interclinoid distance connects to the anterior clinoid process rather than the tuberculum sellae.…”

“…The aetiology of the origin is unknown, but the main theories include abnormal embryologic development of the sphenoid bone, ossification of the ligaments between the clinoid processes [9], or infection of the pituitary gland. The literature also suggests that its abnormal morphology is related to genetic syndromes affecting the craniofacial complex, such as Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome, basal cell naevus syndrome, Down's syndrome, William's syndrome, Freeman-Burian syndrome, Focal Dermal Hypoplasia, Osteogenesis imperfecta and Single Maxillary Midline Central Incisor syndrome [10], and genetically determined dental anomalies such as palatal canine impaction (PCI), hypodontia, dental transposition, mandibular second premolar agenesis, and maxillary lateral incisor agenesis [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”