Relationship between olfactory dysfunction and cognitive impairment in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Sanke, Haruna; Mita, Tomoya; Yoshii, Hidenori; Yokota, Ayako; Yamashiro, Keiko; Ingaki, Noriko; Onuma, Tomio; Someya, Yuki; Komiya, Koji; Tamura, Yasuaki; Shimizu, Tomoaki; Ohmura, Chie; Kanazawa, Akio; Fujitani, Yoshio; Watada, Hirotaka

doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2014.09.039

Cited by 43 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…As for the clinical implications, further studies are needed to build on the current findings to determine if olfactory testing could be used as a tool for early detection of the central diabetic neuropathy including diabetes-related cognitive impairment [48], or even to be used as a marker of diabetes control in future. …”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Importantly, diabetes-related cognitive impairment has been reported among people with Type 2 diabetes with central manifestations of diabetic neuropathy [47]. Sanke et al [48] aimed to determine whether there was an association between olfactory dysfunction and cognitive impairment in elderly people with diabetes. The study in 250 elderly Japanese people with Type 2 diabetes and no evident impairment in cognition evaluated their olfaction and cognitive function using the Open Essence test and Mini Mental State Examination, respectively [48].…”

Section: Olfactory Dysfunction and Diabetes Complicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sanke et al [48] aimed to determine whether there was an association between olfactory dysfunction and cognitive impairment in elderly people with diabetes. The study in 250 elderly Japanese people with Type 2 diabetes and no evident impairment in cognition evaluated their olfaction and cognitive function using the Open Essence test and Mini Mental State Examination, respectively [48]. Multivariate regression analysis showed that the Open Essence test scores independently correlated with Mini Mental State Examination score (b=0.542, R 2 = 0.478; P<0.01) in addition to education level, HbA 1c and serum adiponectin levels [48].…”

Section: Olfactory Dysfunction and Diabetes Complicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between diabetes mellitus and olfactory dysfunction: current perspectives and future directions

et al. 2017

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The increasing global prevalence of diabetes mellitus presents a significant challenge to healthcare systems today. Although diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy are well-established complications of diabetes, there is a paucity of research examining the impact of dysglycaemia on the olfactory system. Olfaction is an important sense, playing a role in the safety, nutrition and quality of life of an individual, but its importance is often overlooked when compared with the other senses. As a result, olfactory dysfunction is often underdiagnosed. The present review article aims to present and discuss the available evidence on the relationship between diabetes and olfaction. It also explores the associations between olfactory dysfunction and diabetes complications that could explain the underlying pathogenesis. Finally, it summarizes the putative pathological mechanisms underlying olfactory dysfunction in diabetes that require further investigation.

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Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Olfactory Dysfunction and Diabetes Complicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Olfactory Dysfunction and Diabetes Complicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between diabetes mellitus and olfactory dysfunction: current perspectives and future directions

et al. 2017

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Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 Patients with T2DM were enrolled from the Diabetes Outpatient Clinic of Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Centre (Tokyo, Japan) and Juntendo University Hospital (Tokyo, Japan) between October 2012 and December 2013, as described. 16 Inclusion criteria were patients with T2DM who were aged >65 years and free of clinically evident cognitive impairment. Exclusion criteria were: (i) severe infection within the preceding 2 weeks; (ii) any scheduled or performed surgery; (iii) severe trauma; (iv) current psychiatric disorders; (v) partial or complete olfactory dysfunction associated with sinusitis, allergic rhinitis or deviated nasal septum; (vi) history of brain tumour; (vii) MMSE (mini-mental state examination) score <22 points (moderate-to-severe cognitive impairment 17 ); (ix) patients considered ineligible based on the assessment of clinical investigators.…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between dietary pattern and cognitive function in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Enomoto¹,

Yoshii²,

Mita

et al. 2015

J Int Med Res

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Objective: To analyse the relationships between dietary patterns and cognitive function in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: Patients with T2DM completed a 3-day dietary record and Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE). Dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis. Results: The study included 73 patients and identified five dietary patterns, one of which was characterized by high loading for vegetables and fish. A higher consumption of vegetables and fish was significantly associated with improved MMSE score (unadjusted model, model adjusted for age and sex, and model adjusted for age, sex, education, diabetic nephropathy and alcohol consumption), and decreased prevalence of suspected mild dementia (unadjusted model, model adjusted for age and sex). Conclusions: A high score in the vegetables and fish dietary pattern was associated with high MMSE score and low prevalence of suspected mild dementia in elderly patients with T2DM.

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International consensus statement on allergy and rhinology: Olfaction

Patel

Holbrook

Turner

et al. 2022

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol

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Background:The literature regarding clinical olfaction, olfactory loss, and olfactory dysfunction has expanded rapidly over the past two decades, with an exponential rise in the past year. There is substantial variability in the quality of this literature and a need to consolidate and critically review the evidence. It is with that aim that we have gathered experts from around the world to produce this International Consensus on Allergy and Rhinology: Olfaction (ICAR:O). Methods: Using previously described methodology, specific topics were developed relating to olfaction. Each topic was assigned a literature review, evidence-based review, or evidence-based review with recommendations format as dictated by available evidence and scope within the ICAR:O document. Following iterative reviews of each topic, the ICAR:O document was integrated and reviewed by all authors for final consensus. Results:The ICAR:O document reviews nearly 100 separate topics within the realm of olfaction, including diagnosis, epidemiology, disease burden, diagnosis, testing, etiology, treatment, and associated pathologies. Conclusion:This critical review of the existing clinical olfaction literature provides much needed insight and clarity into the evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of patients with olfactory dysfunction, while also clearly delineating gaps in our knowledge and evidence base that we should investigate further.

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Relationship between olfactory dysfunction and cognitive impairment in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Cited by 43 publications

References 38 publications

Association between diabetes mellitus and olfactory dysfunction: current perspectives and future directions

Association between diabetes mellitus and olfactory dysfunction: current perspectives and future directions

Relationship between dietary pattern and cognitive function in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

International consensus statement on allergy and rhinology: Olfaction

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