Relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and endogenous carbon monoxide

Azuma, Masanori; Murase, Kimihiko; Tachikawa, Ryo; Hamada, Shin; Matsumoto, Takeshi; Minami, Takuma; Inouchi, Morito; Tanizawa, Kiminobu; Handa, Tomohiro; Oga, Toru; Mishima, Michiaki; Chin, Kazuo

doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00658.2016

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…OSA attacks not only organs but also protective factors associated with health. We have investigated the associations between OSA and several protective factors such as heat shock protein-72, 25 ) bilirubin, 26 ) thioredoxin, 27 ) and exhaled CO. 28 ) Interestingly, although blood heat shock protein-72 and exhaled CO levels increased in the evening or at night in OSA patients before sleep, heat shock protein-72 was shown to decrease from evening to morning (Fig. 7 ) and exhaled CO in a control group increased in the morning, but did not significantly change in the OSA group.…”

Section: Sdb Including Osa In Japan At the First Stage Of Research Anmentioning

confidence: 86%

Overcoming sleep disordered breathing and ensuring sufficient good sleep time for a healthy life expectancy

Chin

2017

Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Ser. B: Physical and Biologic

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Recent advances in basic and clinical medicine have resulted in major improvements in human health. Currently sleep has been considered an essential factor in maintaining and promoting a healthy life expectancy. Sleep disorders include more than 60 diseases. Sleep disordered breathings (SDB) have 17 disorders, including sleep apnea. SDB usually induces hypoxemia and hypercapnia, which would have significant effects on cells, organs, and the whole body. We have investigated SDB for nearly 35 years. We found that SDB has significant associations with humoral factors, including coagulation systems, the body’s protective factors against diseases, and metabolic and organ diseases. Currently we have been giving attention to the associations among SDB, short sleep duration, and obesity. In addition, SDB is important not only in the home but under critical care such as in the perioperative stage. In this review, I would like to describe several aspects of SDB in relation to systemic diseases and overall health based mainly on our published reports.

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Section: Sdb Including Osa In Japan At the First Stage Of Research Anmentioning

confidence: 86%

Overcoming sleep disordered breathing and ensuring sufficient good sleep time for a healthy life expectancy

Chin

2017

Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Ser. B: Physical and Biologic

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“…Interestingly, investigating nearly 15 000 volunteers in the Framingham Heart Study, higher eCO levels were associated with the development of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease [15] which often associate with OSA. Only three studies have analysed eCO in OSA [16][17][18], and two of them reported higher levels [16,17], but these studies did not differentiate ex-smoker and never-smoker volunteers. However, this could have been a bias, as smoking could have already led to the development of COPD [13], and the reliability of selfreported smoking abstinence in ex-smokers is low [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, no such guidance has been postulated in the latest European Respiratory Society technical standard document [24]. Overnight variations of exhaled carbon monoxide in OSA has been investigated in only one study, which reported no evening to morning difference [17]. Notably, the investigated population consisted of ex-smokers which may have confounded the results [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exhaled carbon monoxide levels in obstructive sleep apnoea

Kis¹,

Mészáros²,

Tárnoki³

et al. 2019

J. Breath Res.

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Background: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is characterised by chronic intermittent hypoxia, which enhances airway inflammation and oxidative stress. Exhaled carbon monoxide (eCO), a marker for oxidative stress, has been investigated in OSA. However, previous studies could be biased as they did not differentiate patients with OSA based on smoking history, a known factor influencing eCO levels. The aim of this study to investigate eCO levels in patients with OSA and non-OSA controls and compare evening to morning results. Methods: Exhaled carbon monoxide concentration was measured in the evening and in the morning following an in-hospital cardiorespiratory polygraphy in 60 never-smoker OSA patients, 14 ex-smoker OSA patients, 39 current-smoker OSA patients, 10 never-smoker asthmatic patients with OSA, 16 COPD patients with OSA and 20 never-smoker non-OSA controls. OSA was diagnosed based on the apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI > 5/h). Results: There was no difference between the never-smoker controls and never-smoker patients with OSA either in the evening (1.98 ± 1.00 ppm versus 1.95 ± 1.28 ppm, p = 0.57, OSA versus controls, respectively) or morning (1.95 ± 0.96 ppm versus 1.80 ± 0.95 ppm, p = 0.42), however there was a weak correlation between eCO and AHI in the evening (r = 0.31, p = 0.01). Accordingly, patients with severe OSA had higher eCO levels in the evening (2.43 ± 1.12 ppm) compared to mild OSA patients (1.57 ± 0.87 ppm, p < 0.01). Ex-smoker (3.07 ± 2.23 ppm), current-smoker (13.13 ± 11.35 ppm), asthmatic (2.70 ± 1.16 ppm) and COPD (18.25 ± 18.60 ppm) patients with OSA had higher levels of eCO compared to the non-smoker OSA group. Conclusion: Exhaled carbon monoxide is elevated only in severe never-smoker OSA suggesting accelerated oxidative stress. Previous smoking history is a major influencing factor which may explain differences between our findings and those of previous studies. Although our results show some impact of OSA on eCO measurements, the bias is small, and it does not significantly affect the clinical utility of eCO to monitor smoking cessation.

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“…Healthy smokers, for example, had higher values of eCO than nonhealthy smokers [3]. Although CO is considered a biomarker of oxidative stress, many unknown features about the action of this gaz in lung diseases are to be solved especially in patients with obstructive sleep apneea [4][5][6]. Experimental studies have shown a supressive role of CO on the pro-inflammatory citokines (TNFα-tumor necrosis factor alpha; IL1β-interleukin 1 beta; MIP1β-macrophage inflammatory protein-1 beta) and an increasement of the anti-inflammatory ones (IL10-interleukin-10) [7].…”

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confidence: 99%

Increased Exhalated Carbon Monoxide, Smoking and Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Trenchea¹,

Rașcu²,

Oțelea³

et al. 2019

Rev. Chim.

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Although exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) is studied from decades, a few studies are about its levels in smokers with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The average level of exhaled CO (eCO) was determined in OSA smokers and found increased significantly higher than in patients with other breathing related sleep disorders. A gender significant difference in average eCO was also noticed, with higher numbers in men, in OSA patients. A threshold of the eCO � 6 ppm has 100% specificity and 96.3% sensitivity in detection of the active smoking habit in patients with OSA. Among OSA comorbidities, only chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) seams to influence the increased eCO levels in OSA active smokers.

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Relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and endogenous carbon monoxide

Cited by 6 publications

References 26 publications

Overcoming sleep disordered breathing and ensuring sufficient good sleep time for a healthy life expectancy

Overcoming sleep disordered breathing and ensuring sufficient good sleep time for a healthy life expectancy

Exhaled carbon monoxide levels in obstructive sleep apnoea

Increased Exhalated Carbon Monoxide, Smoking and Obstructive Sleep Apnea

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