Relationship Between Microbiota of the Colonic Mucosa vs Feces and Symptoms, Colonic Transit, and Methane Production in Female Patients With Chronic Constipation

Parthasarathy, Gopanandan; Chen, Jun; Chen, Xianfeng; Chia, Nicholas; O’Connor, Helen M.; Wolf, Patricia G.; Gaskins, H. Rex; Bharucha, Adil E.

doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2015.10.005

Cited by 311 publications

(324 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…The relevance hereof is not yet clear although the mucosal microbiota in one study was predictive of constipation. 40 Although the microbiota may be partly determined by the genetic profile of the host, the microbiota constantly evolves during the lifespan of the individual. The microbiota is generally stable for long periods of time.…”

Section: Ibsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irritable bowel syndrome, the microbiota and the gut-brain axis

Raskov¹,

et al. 2016

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Irritable bowel syndrome is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder and it is now evident that irritable bowel syndrome is a multi-factorial complex of changes in microbiota and immunology. The bidirectional neurohumoral integrated communication between the microbiota and the autonomous nervous system is called the gut-brain-axis, which integrates brain and GI functions, such as gut motility, appetite and weight. The gut-brain-axis has a central function in the perpetuation of irritable bowel syndrome and the microbiota plays a critical role. The purpose of this article is to review recent research concerning the epidemiology of irritable bowel syndrome, influence of microbiota, probiota, gut-brainaxis, and possible treatment modalities on irritable bowel syndrome. The integrated actions and communication between the microbiota and the autonomous nervous system are central players in the perpetuation of IBS symptoms. This signaling pathway is called the GutBrain Axis (GBA). The GBA is a bidirectional neurohumoral communication system that integrates brain and GI functions, such as gut motility, appetite and weightand here the microbiota plays a critical role. 2Changes in gastrointestinal or central nervous system physiology may result in an altered habitat, which again may cause changes in the composition of the microbiota.Disruption of the physiologic symbiotic relationship (eubiosis) between the human host and the microbiota is called dysbiosis and is regarded a basic factor for initiating and maintaining IBS in the majority of patients. Current evidence has suggested that the dysbiosis observed in IBS and the resulting immunological response may drive and perpetuate gastrointestinal symptoms of IBS suggesting that IBS is in fact a disorder of the microbiota and the GBA. It is unclear whether the initiating factor is brain abnormalities that drive the gut changes or if changes in the gut alter brain function through vagal and sympathetic pathways.3,4 The purpose of this article is to review recent research concerning the influence of microbiota and gut-brain-axis on IBS. IBSIt is estimated that approximately 10% of the World population and 15% of the population in the Western World suffer from IBS characterized by a mixture of recurrent abdominal pain, bloating, changing stool consistency such as diarrhea (IBS-D), constipation (IBS-C), or interchanging diarrhea and constipation (mixed-type or IBS-M), mucus secretion, and nausea. 5,6 Community-based data indicate that IBS-M is the most prevalent type followed by IBS-D and IBS-C and that switching among subtypes occurs. Bloating is the most prevalent symptom reported by 96% of patients with IBS of whatever subgroup. 7 In addition to abdominal symptoms, poor sleep, headache, CONTACT Hans Raskov raskov@mail.dk Lundevangsvej 23, DK-2900 Hellerup, Denmark. Color versions of one or more of the figures in the article can be found online at www.tandfonline.com/kgmi.

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Section: Ibsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irritable bowel syndrome, the microbiota and the gut-brain axis

Raskov¹,

et al. 2016

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“…Previous studies have investigated the intestinal dysbiosis in chronic constipation 6,35,36 . Patients with chronic constipation have significantly lower abundance of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus bacteria, and more pathogenic bacteria or fungi 37 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, levels of Lactobacillus and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii were decreased. Moreover, Firmicutes including Firmicutes-Coprococcus, Firmicutes-Faecalibacterium, Firmicutes-Lactococcus, and Firmicutes-Roseburia was independently significantly useful for predicting colonic transit 6,11 . Nevertheless, the causal relationship between dysbiosis and constipation remains poorly understood.…”

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confidence: 95%

“…The symptoms of constipation are always continuous and repeated, seriously affecting the patient's physical and mental health and quality of life. Previous studies have found that chronic constipation was related with variety of factors, such as the change of intestinal nerve cells, myopathy, neurotransmitter and dysbiosis 5,6 . However, the pathogenesis has not been completely elucidated.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These microorganisms distribute in the different segments in small intestine as well as large intestine, affecting intestinal physiological function and participating in the life activities which are crucial for the host 8,9 . However, the prolonged residence time of feces in chronic constipation patients may lead to intestinal dysbiosis, which may further affect the intestinal immune function, motility and barrier function 6,7,10 . Specifically, studies have found that Bacteroides were more abundant in colonic mucosa of patients with chronic constipation, and the populations of Clostridium difficile and Bifidobacterium were significantly increased.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Dysbiosis Contributes to Chronic Constipation Development via Regulation of Serotonin Transporter in the Intestine

Liu¹,

Cao²,

Wang³

2017

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Improved Gastric Acid Resistance and Adhesive Colonization of Probiotics by Mucoadhesive and Intestinal Targeted Konjac Glucomannan Microspheres

Liu

et al. 2020

Adv Funct Materials

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The low survival rate in harsh stomach conditions and short retention in intestine of probiotics greatly limit their health benefits. To solve this problem, thiolated oxidized konjac glucomannan (sOKGM) microspheres is designed with pH responsive and mucoadhesive properties. First, an increased survival rate of probiotics by sOKGM microspheres encapsulation in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) is discovered in contrast to the zero‐survival rate of naked probiotics. sOKGM/probiotics even show a higher survival rate in SGF compared with commercial Bb12 formulation. Further, an enhanced mucoadhesion of probiotics to intestinal mucus by mediated interactions with sOKGM is confirmed by isotherm titration calorimetry, rheology, and tensile measurements. The in vivo intestinal transition experiment indicates a prolonged retention of probiotics at intestine by sOKGM encapsulation. Moreover, in vivo evaluation of enhanced colonization and proliferation by sOKGM/probiotics is demonstrated by the fecal and intestinal bacteria copy number via quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) detection. Further investigation of the alleviation of constipation by sOKGM containing Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis A6 suggests that sOKGM increases the abundance of Bifidobacterium, balanced intestinal flora, and alleviated constipation in mice compared with other formulations. sOKGM with both enhanced gastric acid resistance and adhesion colonization at intestine can effectively improve the function of probiotics.

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Relationship Between Microbiota of the Colonic Mucosa vs Feces and Symptoms, Colonic Transit, and Methane Production in Female Patients With Chronic Constipation

Cited by 311 publications

References 67 publications

Irritable bowel syndrome, the microbiota and the gut-brain axis

Irritable bowel syndrome, the microbiota and the gut-brain axis

Dysbiosis Contributes to Chronic Constipation Development via Regulation of Serotonin Transporter in the Intestine

Improved Gastric Acid Resistance and Adhesive Colonization of Probiotics by Mucoadhesive and Intestinal Targeted Konjac Glucomannan Microspheres

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