Relationship between mercury levels in blood and urine and complaints of chronic mercury toxicity from amalgam restorations

Eyeson, Josiah; Yang, Yi‐Hsin; Warnakulasuriya, Saman

doi:10.1038/sj.bdj.2010.181

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“… Non‐relevant studies that did not report any clinical or laboratory findings related to OLP and amalgam, or reported findings in insufficient detail. Studies reporting results obtained in part or in full by phone rather than through an examination also belonged to this category (Axéll et al , 1990; Bergdahl et al , 1995; Bolewska et al , 1990b; Bolewska and Reibel, 1989; Cederbrant et al , 1999; Cederbrant and Hultman, 2000; Eversole and Ringer, 1984; Eyeson et al , 2010; Garhammer et al , 2001; Gottwald et al , 2001; Hietanen et al , 1987; Kallus and Mjor, 1991; Langworth et al , 2002; Larsson and Warfvinge, 1995, 1998; Lind, 1988; Little et al , 2001; Lopez‐Jornet and Camacho‐Alonso, 2008; Lopez‐Jornet et al , 2004; Lygre et al , 2003; Martin et al , 2003; Mattsson et al , 1994; Mobacken et al , 1984; Muller et al , 1990; Nordlind and Liden, 1992; Ostman et al , 1996a, 1994; Pang and Freeman, 1995; Pecegueiro et al , 1999; Peker et al , 2008; Raap et al , 2009; Schiodt, 1984; Scott et al , 2004; Warfvinge et al , 1994; Wong and Freeman, 2003). Uncontrolled studies that did not include an untreated control group or that did not report the results for controls in sufficient detail.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban legends series: lichen planus

et al. 2012

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Oral Diseases (2012) Lichen planus (LP) is a common disorder affecting the oral cavity (OLP) and skin. Despite intensive research, LP/OLP etiology and treatment remain controversial. We investigated four controversial topics: (i) Is hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection associated with LP and involved in its pathogenesis? (ii) Should all patients with LP be screened for HCV? (iii) Should patients with OLP have all their amalgam restorations removed? (iv) Are there any new treatments for OLP? Results from extensive literature searches suggested that: (i) Robust evidence from three meta-analyses indicate that HCV is associated with LP and might be involved in OLP pathogenesis (ii) It would be prudent to screen patients with LP/OLP at significant risk with an ELISA for HCV antibodies using country-specific screening strategies (iii) There is no evidence that either OLP or oral lichenoid lesions patients would routinely benefit from having all their amalgam restorations replaced. Weak evidence from potentially very biased, small, non-randomized, unblinded studies suggests that a small fraction of patients may benefit from targeted amalgam replacement. (iv) There is weak evidence that, among new OLP treatments, topical pimecrolimus, aloe vera, and oral curcuminoids may be useful. The development of specific formulations for oral delivery of topical medications is a promising field.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban legends series: lichen planus

et al. 2012

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“…Based on the guidance given by The Centre for Disease Control (May 2010) [16], at present, there is scant evidence that the health of the vast majority of people with amalgam is compromised nor that removing amalgam fillings has a beneficial effect on health. There is insufficient evidence of a link between dental mercury and health problems [65], except in rare instances of an allergic reaction. The WHO highlights the importance of reporting systems on adverse side effects of dental materials during dental care [66].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Lichenoid Contact Lesions to Mercury and Dental Amalgam—A Review

McParland

Warnakulasuriya

2012

Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology

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Human oral mucosa is subjected to many noxious stimuli. One of these substances, in those who have restorations, is dental amalgam which contains mercury. This paper focuses on the local toxic effects of amalgam and mercury from dental restorations. Components of amalgam may, in rare instances, cause local side effects or allergic reactions referred to as oral lichenoid lesions (OLLs). OLLs to amalgams are recognised as hypersensitivity reactions to low-level mercury exposure. The use of patch testing to identify those susceptible from OLL is explored, and recommendations for removing amalgam fillings, when indicated are outlined. We conclude that evidence does not show that exposure to mercury from amalgam restorations poses a serious health risk in humans, except for an exceedingly small number of hypersensitivity reactions that are discussed.

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“…Some of these disorders are Parkinson’s disease, myalgic encephalopathies, epilepsy, Alzheimer’s disease, and others. Studies have shown a correlation in psychiatric disorders—mainly anxiety and panics fits—due to chronic mercury toxicity [86].…”

Section: Genetic Susceptibility and Mercury Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Rethinking the Dental Amalgam Dilemma: An Integrated Toxicological Approach

Jirau-Colón

González-Parrilla

Martinez-Jiménez

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Mercury (Hg) has been identified as one of the most toxic nonradioactive materials known to man. Although mercury is a naturally occurring element, anthropogenic mercury is now a major worldwide concern and is an international priority toxic pollutant. It also comprises one of the primary constituents of dental amalgam fillings. Even though dental mercury amalgams have been used for almost two centuries, its safety has never been tested or proven in the United States by any regulatory agency. There has been an ongoing debate regarding the safety of its use since 1845, and many studies conclude that its use exposes patients to troublesome toxicity. In this review, we present in an objective way the danger of dental amalgam to human health based on current knowledge. This dilemma is addressed in terms of an integrated toxicological approach by focusing on four mayor issues to show how these interrelate to create the whole picture: (1) the irrefutable constant release of mercury vapor from dental amalgams which is responsible for individual chronic exposure, (2) the evidence of organic mercury formation from dental amalgam in the oral cavity, (3) the effect of mercury exposure on gene regulation in human cells which supports the intrinsic genetic susceptibility to toxicant and, finally, (4) the availability of recent epidemiological data supporting the link of dental amalgams to diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson.

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Relationship between mercury levels in blood and urine and complaints of chronic mercury toxicity from amalgam restorations

Cited by 17 publications

References 26 publications

Urban legends series: lichen planus

Urban legends series: lichen planus

Oral Lichenoid Contact Lesions to Mercury and Dental Amalgam—A Review

Rethinking the Dental Amalgam Dilemma: An Integrated Toxicological Approach

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