Relationship between malocclusion, soft tissue profile, and pharyngeal airways: A cephalometric study

Lopatienė, Kristina; Šidlauskas, Antanas; Vasiliauskas, Arūnas; Čečytė, Lina; Švalkauskienė, Vilma; Šidlauskas, Mantas

doi:10.1016/j.medici.2016.09.005

Cited by 31 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This may be related to the angulation of incisors in class 2 subjects as it is considered the most important determinants to the related soft tissues (6,18) . Tatjana Perović ans Zorica Blažej use Burstone lines to compare facial soft tissue thickness among class 2 skeletal pattern (19) ; they presented that in class 2 skeletal relation the soft tissue thickness at the upper lip is thinner than the lower for both genders which agrees with class 2 sample of this study. However, the gender difference reveals a non-significant difference for class 2 skeletal pattern which disagrees with this study as it could be related to ethnic variation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Lip Thickness with Tongue Space Area Assessment By Cephalometric Analysis for Iraqi Adult Sample with Class II Dental and Skeletal Pattern

2021

IJFMT

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Background: With different skeletal classes, there may be some variability among the lip thickness and tongue space area that could be the causative factor for skeletal malrelationship so that this study was aimed to determine the tongue and the available boundary space area with lip thickness and correlate them together in sample with class II skeletal pattern.Methods: Seventy Iraqi adult subjects (32 males and 38 females) with cl II skeletal pattern who have increased over jet and ANB angle greater than four degrees. The cephalometric measurements include upper and lower lip thicknesses with height and length of tongue and position of tongue base and hyoid bone from the cervical line. The cephalograms were analyzed using AutoCAD program to measure demanded areas. Results: This study revealed that a significant gender difference was found between T-Area, V-TT, TH, V-FP, AH-CL, AH-FP, and upper and lower lip thickness in which higher mean value in males than females. The correlation between all the measured variables of present sample with SNA, SNB and ANB angles a non-significant difference was found except for V-CL which shows significant difference. Strong correlation was found among the T-Area with V-TT, TH, V-FP, AH-CL, AHFP, upper lip thickness and lower lip thickness. Conclusions:In skeletal class II, the associated cranial base angles shows independent association from the boundary soft tissues so that these variations not always contribute to be the causative factor for skeletal disharmony.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Lip Thickness with Tongue Space Area Assessment By Cephalometric Analysis for Iraqi Adult Sample with Class II Dental and Skeletal Pattern

2021

IJFMT

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“…Despite the great phenotypic variability (Posnick & Ruiz, 2000; Chong et al, 2008; Kapadia et al, 2013; Chung et al, 2014; Cobb et al, 2014; Ma et al, 2015a; Ma et al, 2015b; Esenlik et al, 2017), craniofacial analysis of young adults with TCS brings up the hyperdivergent type and the skeletal class II malocclusion as standard features of this syndrome. Moreover, different studies on nonsyndromic populations (Grauer et al, 2009; Alves et al, 2012; Flores-Mir et al, 2013; Wang et al, 2014; Lopatiene et al, 2016a; Lopatiene et al, 2016b) have shown that the skeletal class II malocclusion and the high angle growth pattern are among the predisposing factors for pharyngeal obstruction, recurrent respiratory infections, and the occurrence of OSA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional Upper Airway Assessment in Treacher Collins Syndrome

Ribeiro

Smith²,

Filho³

et al. 2019

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal

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Objectives: The purpose of this investigation was to assess the pharyngeal dimensions and the craniofacial morphology of individuals with Treacher Collins syndrome (TCS) when compared to vertical skeletal class II individuals. It is our hypothesis that the upper airways of individuals with TCS are reduced in view of the skeletal pattern and the maxillomandibular dysmorphologies. Materials and Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography scans of 26 individuals had the pharyngeal volume (V) and minimal cross-sectional area (mCSA) evaluated. Study group (TCS) was formed by 13 scans of patients with TCS (7 males and 6 females; 20.2 ± 4.7 years). Control group (CG) assembled 13 scans of nonaffected individuals with the same type of skeletal pattern (2 males and 11 females; 26.6 ± 5.4 years). Cephalometric data of maxillomandibular position, maxillomandibular dimensions, and growth pattern were assessed. Statistical analysis ( P ≤ .05) included Student t test and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: Although reduced, pharyngeal V and mCSA of TCS were not statistically different from the CG. On both groups, mCSA was mostly at the oropharyngeal level. Individuals with TCS presented retrognathic chin, reduced maxillomandibular dimensions, and increased clockwise rotation of the palatal plane. Maxillary and mandibular lengths were correlated with pharyngeal V and mCSA. Conclusions: The pharyngeal dimensions of individuals with TCS are impacted by the micrognathia and retrognathia. In association with the skeletal pattern, the reduction of the airways, although not statistically significant, may explain the increased prevalence of airways disorder in this syndrome.

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“…According to the study by Ghorbanyjavadpour and Rakhshan [6], there are some factors associated with the esthetics of the soft-tissue profile, also associated with the nose, such as less prominent noses with higher tips and subnasales anterior to the upper lip. Numerous authors deal with analysis of the facial profile [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. The studies take into consideration age, sex, skeletal class, and ethnic group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods of Analysis of the Nasal Profile: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis

Jankowska

Janiszewska‐Olszowska

Jedliński

et al. 2021

BioMed Research International

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The nose is the most prominent structure of the face, influencing facial appearance and profile. Orthodontists have an awareness of facial structures, including nasal morphology, when diagnosing and treatment planning. Maxillofacial surgeons influence facial profile by bimaxillary surgery, improving facial aesthetics and harmony. The aim of this review was to summarize the available methods of analysing nasal morphology and profile, and to assess their complexity. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase using the following search terms: “nasal profile analysis”, “nasolabial angle”, and “nasal profile cephalometric” in order to select studies providing knowledge on correlations between occlusion and nasal development, differences between skeletal classes, ethnic variability, and differences between the sexes. Studies concerning genetic disorders were excluded. Finally, 17 full-text papers were analysed, which pertained to nasolabial angle, or facial profile including the nose. Data concerning methods, ethnic group, reference landmarks used, and measurements made were extracted and placed in tables. Numerous methods of nasal profile analysis can be found in the literature. These methods describe various numbers of parameters, which have influence on facial aesthetic. Nasal parameters are correlated to skeletal class and nasolabial angle, positions of upper incisors, and maxillary inclination.

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Relationship between malocclusion, soft tissue profile, and pharyngeal airways: A cephalometric study

Cited by 31 publications

References 26 publications

Lip Thickness with Tongue Space Area Assessment By Cephalometric Analysis for Iraqi Adult Sample with Class II Dental and Skeletal Pattern

Lip Thickness with Tongue Space Area Assessment By Cephalometric Analysis for Iraqi Adult Sample with Class II Dental and Skeletal Pattern

Three-Dimensional Upper Airway Assessment in Treacher Collins Syndrome

Methods of Analysis of the Nasal Profile: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis

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