Relationship Between Lipid Abnormalities and Insulin Resistance in Japanese School Children

Abstract

Objective-Dyslipidemia and insulin resistance (IR) are risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD) in adults. To help prevent the development of CHD, it may be useful to understand the relationship between lipid abnormalities and IR during childhood. Methods and Results-IR was assessed by the homeostasis model approximation index. We studied 1175 Japanese school children (642 boys and 533 girls), aged between 7 and 12 years. Obesity was defined by the body mass index standard deviation score (BMISD) (obese: BMISD Ն2.0). BMISD was most significantly associated with IR in nonobese children (Pϭ0.000). Associations of IR with lipid-related parameters were affected by BMISD. After being corrected by BMISD, in nonobese children, log triglycerides (TG), apoB and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) size in boys and log TG, LDL size, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in girls were still significantly associated with IR (Pϭ0.000 to 0.017). In obese children, all parameters except for LDL cholesterol in boys and LDL size in girls were significantly associated with IR (Pϭ0.000 to 0.030). Multiple regression analysis showed that log TG and LDL size in nonobese children, log TG in obese boys and LDL size in obese girls were independently associated with IR. Children with IIb and IV hyperlipidemia had significantly higher IR than those with normolipidemia and IIa, even after correcting for BMISD and age. Conclusion-Our results suggest that in addition to controlling body weight, it may be important for school children to characterize lipid phenotypes to prevent progression to CHD and/or type 2 diabetes and to identify subjects who are at high risk for these disorders.

An 11-Year-Old Boy with Familial Hypercholesterolemia Showing Multiple Xanthomas and Advanced Atherosclerosis, Who Responded to Lipid-Lowering Therapy Using Statin

“…The phenotype of dyslipidemia in our patient and his father was type b. As reported previously, children with b usually showed lower HDL-C levels than those with normolipidemia and a 10,11) . In Japanese adults patients with hetero FH, b showed increased coronary artery disease compared to cases of a 12) .…”

LDL-cholesterol and body mass index among Japanese schoolchildren: a population-based cross-sectional study

“…Furthermore, the adjusted OR for high LDL-C among fourth graders and seventh graders reached a statistically significant level in the BMI category of greater than 85th percentile, which is classified as “overweight” if using the weight categories from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [31]. Previous studies have reported that children who were obese had worse lipid profiles than those who were non-obese [27-29]. Murata showed that the incidence of childhood obesity and hyperlipidemia in Japan have increased year after year, and the reason was due to increased intake of fat and an increasingly sedentary lifestyle, including decrease in physical exercise and activity [1].…”

Comparison Between Serum Insulin Levels and Its Resistance With Biochemical, Clinical and Anthropometric Parameters in South Indian Children and Adolescents

“…Multiple lines of evidence suggest that atherosclerotic changes start pathologically in coronary arteries during childhood [4]. Measurement of insulin resistance predicts future type 2 diabetes and cardio vascular diseases in children and adolescents even in the absence of hyperglycemia and diabetes [5,6]. Insulin is a pancreatic hormone produced in the islets of langerhans with a molecular weight of 5808 Da and it is composed of 51 amino acid residues.…”