“…MTS and volume loss are present in up to 80% of patients with intractable MTLE with no mass lesions (Cendes et al, 1993, Trenerry et al, 1993a, Trenerry et al, 1993b, and the degree of MTS is a strong predictor of postoperative seizure outcome (Kim et al, 2001). Recent improvements in structural imaging have allowed for the detection of subtle abnormalities within extrahippocampal regions in patients with MTLE that were not previously appreciated using standard imaging procedures (Trenerry et al, 1993a, Breier et al, 1996, Lee et al, 1998, Bernasconi et al, 1999, Arfanakis et al, 2002, Hermann et al, 2003, Dow et al, 2004, McMillan et al, 2004. Damage to the amygdala is reported in 30 to 50% of patients with intractable MTLE (Margerison&Corsellis, 1966), and gray and white matter reductions have been reported in MTLE that are greatest ipsilateral to the seizure focus (Breier et al, 1996, Lee et al, 1998, Magnotta et al, 1999, McMillan et al, 2004.…”