Relationship between hyperglycemia, antioxidant capacity and some enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in African patients with type 2 diabetes

Abstract

Background and purposeStudies demonstrate that free radicals are involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. The aim of this study was to determine the implication of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and some enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants as suitable biomarkers of diabetic complications risk factors.MethodsA total of 90 patients (70 patients with or without diabetic complications +20 normal healthy) were examined by evaluating the level of lipid peroxidation, nitrogen monoxide (NO), fasting blood glucose, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants using standard spectrophotometric methods.ResultsThe fasting blood glucose and HbA1c levels were respectively 2.05 and 2.32 times higher in the group of patients with diabetes and complications (DPWC) compared to those of healthy persons. A statistically higher level of malondialdehyde (MDA), NO and TAC was observed in a group of patients with diabetes and complications compared to those without complications (DPNC). A significant positive correlation was found between catalase (CAT) and fasting blood glucose while a significant and negative correlation was noted between reduced glutathione (GSH) and fasting blood glucose. Also was noted a significant relationship between HbA1c and other markers of oxidative stress.ConclusionsThe results suggest that the plasma levels of CAT, TAC and reduced glutathione could give information on the risk of developing complications of diabetes, considering that the modification of these biomarkers levels were associated with oxidative stress.

Glycemic control and its impact on oxidative stress biomarkers in type 2 diabetic patients treated with metformin: a cross-sectional analysis

“…Furthermore, depletions of TAC in controlled T2DM and uncontrolled T2DM patients compared to healthy controls were equally observed in this study. This agrees with an earlier study [16]. Study shows that reduced antioxidant enzyme activities and TAC depletion may increase susceptibility of diabetics to oxidative injury [25].…”

“…In addition, there was a strong association between FPG and HbA1c levels, regardless of glycemic control or not ( Table 3). Our findings agree with the data from earlier studies [15,16]. Meanwhile, a detailed review of mechanistic effect of hyperglycemia implicates potential over production of NADH and mitochondrial ROS that ultimately inhibit glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in glycolytic pathway.…”

Antioxidant Effects of <i>Eryngium carlinae</i> in Diabetic Rats

“…Mitochondrial antioxidant capacity was measured through the quantification of GSH levels. GSH is a non-enzymatic antioxidant that plays an important role in protecting cells from oxidative damage by maintaining the cellular levels of the active forms of vitamins C and E by neutralizing free radicals 28 . The results showed an evident increase in GSH Asian Journal of Applied Sciences (ISSN: 2321 -0893) Volume 06 -Issue 05, October 2018 levels in the diabetic group treated with the extract.…”

Cadmium‐Induced Oxidative Stress Impairs Glycemic Control in Adolescents

“…The total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was determined by the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) method in which a colourless ferric tripyridyltriazine complex is reduced to a blue ferrous complex by the antioxidants in the serum [ 15 ]. Briefly, a mixed solution of 50 μ l of serum and 50 μ l of distilled water was added to 900 μ l of FRAP reagent and incubated at 37°C for 25 min.…”