Relationship between Hypercoagulable State and Circulating Tumor Cells in Peripheral Blood, Pathological Characteristics, and Prognosis of Lung Cancer Patients

Abstract

Objective. To analyze the relationship between hypercoagulable state and circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in peripheral blood, pathological characteristics, and prognosis of lung cancer patients. Method. A total of 148 patients with primary lung cancer diagnosed and treated in our hospital from January 2017 to January 2019 were selected as the research objects. According to the CTC test results, the patients were divided into CTC-positive group and CTC-negative group. Also, the coagulation index of patients was tested. According to the blood coagulation index test results, patients were divided into hypercoagulable group and non-hypercoagulable group. The relationship between hypercoagulable state and pathological characteristics of lung cancer patients was analyzed by single factor analysis and multiple logistic regression model. Kaplan–Meier survival curve was applied to analyze the relationship between hypercoagulable state and the prognosis of lung cancer patients. Results. The platelets (PLTs), fibrinogen (FIB), D-dimer (D-D), and prothrombin time (PT) in CTC-positive group were significantly higher than those in CTC-negative group. There was no significant relationship between the patient’s gender, smoking history, pathological type, and the hypercoagulable state of the patients. The proportion of patients aged 60 years or older, with TMN stage III or IV and lymph node metastasis, in the hypercoagulable group was significantly higher than that in the non-hypercoagulable group. Logistic regression analysis showed that there was an independent relationship between the patient’s age, lymph node metastasis, and hypercoagulable state. As of January 2020, among the 148 patients with lung cancer follow-up, 5 patients were lost and 52 died. The median survival time of patients in the hypercoagulable group was 82 weeks, which was significantly lower than the 104 weeks in the nonhypercoagulable group. Conclusion. There is a certain relationship between hypercoagulable state and CTC positive in lung cancer patients. There is an independent relationship between the patient’s age, lymph node metastasis, and the hypercoagulable state. The median survival time of patients in the hypercoagulable group was significantly lower than that in the non-hypercoagulable group.

Blood Stasis Syndrome Accelerates the Growth and Metastasis of Breast Cancer by Promoting Hypoxia and Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Mice

“…When blood circulation is impaired, the body will become hypoxic [ 14 ]. Blood of patients with a malignant tumor is usually in a hypercoagulable state [ 4 , 22 ]; they experience blood stasis and internal obstruction, and their veins are unsmooth, which leads to a local microcirculation disturbance and aggravates the ischemia and hypoxic state.…”

“…Based on the similarity of pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and diagnostic criteria between a hypercoagulable state and blood stasis syndrome, TCM ascribes the hypercoagulable state in modern medicine to the category of BSSs; “blood stasis” is its main pathogenic factor and pathological product [ 3 ]. Hypercoagulable state, also known as a prethrombotic state or a thrombosis tendency, refers to the disorder of hemostasis, coagulation, and anticoagulant system in the body caused by the pathological changes of blood vessels, blood, and blood flow components [ 4 ]. The hypercoagulable state of the body can promote the growth and metastasis of tumors, which can break the balance of the body's coagulation, anticoagulation, and fibrinolysis systems to again cause a hypercoagulable state, thus perpetuating a vicious cycle [ 5 ].…”

MFAP2 contributes to the proliferation and motility of lung cancer cells via Wnt/β-catenin pathway

“…Early lung cancer lacks obvious symptoms, and when patients seek treatment, they are often in advanced stages, and conventional treatment methods, including surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. are ineffective, which is also the main reason for the poor prognoses of lung cancer patients [14]. Targeted therapy for lung cancer has made some progress, and a variety of targeted therapy drugs for lung cancer have been clinically used to improve the prognoses of patients [5].…”

A Kunitz-type inhibitor from tick salivary glands: A promising novel antitumor drug candidate

“…Another important function of Amblyomin-X in controlling metastasis is its effect on normalizing the hypercoagulable state. The hypercoagulable or prothrombotic state is a clinical disorder that increases the risk of excessive blood clot formation due to an abnormality in the coagulation system ( Caine et al, 2002 ; Jiao et al, 2021 ). Cancer can confer a hypercoagulable state and is associated with metastasis progression and development ( Caine et al, 2002 ; Jiao et al, 2021 ).…”

“…The hypercoagulable or prothrombotic state is a clinical disorder that increases the risk of excessive blood clot formation due to an abnormality in the coagulation system ( Caine et al, 2002 ; Jiao et al, 2021 ). Cancer can confer a hypercoagulable state and is associated with metastasis progression and development ( Caine et al, 2002 ; Jiao et al, 2021 ). Ventura et al compared the action of heparin, a potent anticoagulant that inhibits intravascular arrest of cancer cells and affects metastasis ( Ventura et al, 2013 ), with Amblyomin-X in a melanoma model to investigate the potential of the anticoagulant Amblyomin-X as a therapeutic agent for cancer treatment.…”