Relationship between Gut Microbiota, Gut Hyperpermeability and Obesity

Abstract

: Intestinal hyperpermeability is a complex metabolic process mediated by different pathways in close relation to the gut microbiota. Previous studies suggested that the gut microbiota is involved in different metabolic regulations, and its imbalance is associated with several metabolic diseases, including obesity. It is well known that intestinal hyperpermeability is associated with dysbiosis, and the combination of these two conditions can lead to an increase in the level of low-grade inflammation in obese patients due to an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Inflammatory bowel syndrome often accompanies this condition causing an alteration of the intestinal mucosa and thus reinforcing the dysbiosis and gut hyperpermeability. The onset of metabolic disorders depends on violations of the integrity of the intestinal barrier as a result of increased intestinal permeability. Chronic inflammation due to endotoxemia is responsible for the development of obesity. Metabolic disorders are associated with dysregulation of the microbiota-gut-brain axis and with an altered composition of gut flora. In this review, we will discuss the mechanisms that illustrate the relationship between hyperpermeability, the composition of the gut microbiota, and obesity.

Role of metabolites derived from gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease

“…However, potential next-generation probiotics (NGPs) invove commensals in the gut of adults, so researchers pay more attention to its metabolite production. Candidate NGPs, according to the identification of its role in specific condition based on the analysis of gut microbiome, is featured with fastidiousness, or extreme sensitiveness of oxygen[ 165 ]. As a result, how to isolate, cultivate characterize and formulate them is of a great challenge.…”

Increased intestinal permeability with elevated peripheral blood endotoxin and inflammatory indices for e-waste lead exposure in children

“…LPS has been shown to increase secretion of LTB 4 in the bovine mammary gland and porcine endometrial endothelial cells (Czarzasta et al, 2018;Piotrowska-Tomala et al, 2015). According to current research, the chronic inflammatory condition may be a contributor to the development of chronic non-communicable diseases (such as obesity, depression, cardiovascular diseases, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease) (Bessone et al, 2019;Gasmi et al, 2020;Kiecolt-Glaser et al, 2018;Thomas and Advani, 2006). Therefore, in our study, e-waste-exposed children with elevated circulating endotoxin have increased blood inflammatory biomarkers, which may harm the development and intestinal health of children.…”

The Herb Pair Radix Rehmanniae and Cornus Officinalis Attenuated Testicular Damage in Mice With Diabetes Mellitus Through Butyric Acid/Glucagon-Like Peptide-1/Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Pathway Mediated by Gut Microbiota

“…Increasing evidence suggests that GM is associated with several chronic metabolic diseases, including obesity ( Gasmi et al, 2021 ), T2DM ( Bordalo et al, 2017 ), hypertension ( Verhaar et al, 2020 ), and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ( Safari and Gerard, 2019 ). With the increase in clinical studies, the relationship between GM and T2DM has become more and more clear.…”