Relationship between GII.3 norovirus infections and blood group antigens in young children in Tunisia

Ayouni, Siwar; Estienney, Marie; Sdiri-Loulizi, Khira; Ambert-Balay, Katia; Rougemont, Alexis de; Aho, Serge; Hammami, S.; Aouni, Mahjoub; Guédiche, M.N.; Pothier, Pierre; Belliot, Gaël

doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2015.05.015

Cited by 30 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Other non-GII.4 genotypes were also detected in our study, including GII.1 (1/65, 1.5%), GII.6 (3/65, 4.6%), GII.7 (1/65, 1.5%), GII.13 (2/65, 3%), GII.17 (5/65, 7.7%), and GII.21 (1/65, 1.5%). These non-GII.4 genotypes were previously reported in the MENA region in Lebanon [45], Tunisia [62], Libya [35], Egypt [40], and Turkey [63]. Further genotypes GI.1, and GI.3, GII.1, GII.6, GII.7, GII.13, GII.17, and GII.21 were detected only once throughout the study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Epidemiological, Molecular, and Clinical Features of Norovirus Infections among Pediatric Patients in Qatar

Mathew

Alansari

Smatti

et al. 2019

Viruses

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Background: Norovirus (NoV) is recognized as the second most important etiological agent leading to acute gastroenteritis globally. In order to determine the burden and characteristics of NoV infections in children in Qatar, profiling of circulating genotypes and their correlation with demographics and clinical manifestations were evaluated. Methods: A total of 177 NoV-positive fecal samples were collected from children suffering from acute gastroenteritis (AGE) during two-year period between June 2016 and June 2018. The age of the subjects ranged between 3 months and 12 years (median of 15 months). Genotyping was performed by amplifying and sequencing parts of viral VP1 and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) regions. Phylogenetic analysis and evolutionary relationships were performed using MEGA7.0. Fisher’s exact test was used to run statistical analysis for the clinical and demographical characteristics of circulating strains. Results: Overall, NoV infections were relatively higher in males than females with a ratio of 1.3:1 (p = 0.0073). Most of the NoV infections were reported in children between 1 and 3 years old (49.7%), followed by those <1 and >3 years of age (41.2% and 9.1%, respectively). NoV infections occurred throughout the year, with a noticeable increase in summer (36.6%) and drop in winter (25.4%). Nearly all (98.8%) NoV-infected children were positive for genogroup II (GII) compared to only two samples (1.2%) being positive for genogroup I (GI): GI.3 and GI.4. NoV genotype GII.4 (62.2%), GII.2 (15.8%), and GII.3 (13.5%) were predominant in our study. The detected strains shared >98% sequence homology with emerging recombinant strain of GII.P16-GII.4/RUS/Novosibirsk/2017 (MG892929), GII.P16-GII.4 Sydney/2012 (KY887601), GII.4 Sydney/2012, recombinant GII.P4 New Orleans /2009/GII.4 Sydney 2012 (MG585810.1), and the emerging strain GII.P16-GII.2 CHN/2017 (MH321823). Severe clinical illness (vesikari score >10) was reported in children infected with genotypes sharing homology with the above emerging strains. While GII.4 was reported in all age groups, NoV GII.3 infections were higher in children <1 year of age. Both genogroups (GII.4 and GII.3) in addition to GII.2 reported higher incidence in Qatari subjects compared to other nationalities (p = 0.034). Conclusion: This is the first report about NoV molecular epidemiology in Qatar. The most detected NoV strain was genogroup GII, which is the dominant genotype in the Middle East region. Further, we report GII.4, GII.2, and GII.3 as the most predominant NoV genotypes in our study. Moreover, disease severity scores were higher among children genotyped with genogroup GI (GI.4) and genogroup GII (GII.4, GII.2, GII.3, GII.6, and GII.7).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Epidemiological, Molecular, and Clinical Features of Norovirus Infections among Pediatric Patients in Qatar

Mathew

Alansari

Smatti

et al. 2019

Viruses

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“…The largest number of studies was reported from Turkey ( n = 8), followed by Iran ( n = 6) and Tunisia ( n = 5). The reported NoV infection rates in MENA countries ranged between 0.82% as reported in Morocco [ 33 ] and 36.84% in Tunisia [ 34 ]. When applicable, we calculated the median percentage of NoV infection in individual countries.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The epidemiology of Norovirus in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region: a systematic review

Kreidieh

Charide

Dbaibo

et al. 2017

Virol J

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Norovirus (NoV) is considered the second leading cause of viral acute gastroenteritis (AGE). To our knowledge, there are no systematic reviews assessing the role of NoV in AGE in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Consequently, we conducted an extensive systematic literature review on articles studying NoV in the 24 countries of the MENA region during the past 15 years (2000-2015). The methods and reporting were set according to the 2015 PRISMA-P and based on the elements from the international prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO). We retrieved 38 studies meeting our predefined inclusion criteria and were used to extract full data. Studies reporting on NoV were conducted in 15 out of the 24 countries of the region. The reported NoV infection rates in MENA countries ranged between 0.82% and 36.84%. The majority of studies were clinical observational studies assessing NoV rates mainly among children. Participants were recruited from in- and outpatient clinics. NoV infection was reported all year round with with peaks observed mainly during cold months. GII.4 was the predominant genotype detected in stool of participants as reported by 16 out of 25 studies (64%). Overall, there is an increasing recognition of NoV as an important causative agent of AGE across all age groups in the MENA region. Further studies are needed to assess the national and the regional burden of NoV among different age groups, its molecular diversity and seasonal variability.

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“…In addition GII.3 NoV has been implicated in food-borne outbreaks in both developed and developing countries [ 21 ]. Recent studies show that in several countries, GII.4 is the predominant strain causing diarrhea, followed by GII.3 [ 13 – 15 ], while in others, GII.3 is the predominant strain [ 22 , 23 ]. These results were derived from studies conducted with children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surveillance of norovirus among children with diarrhea in four major hospitals in Bhutan: Replacement of GII.21 by GII.3 as a dominant genotype

et al. 2017

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BackgroundDiarrhea is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among Bhutanese children. The etiology of diarrhea is not well known due to the challenges of conducting routine surveillance with Bhutan’s modest research facilities. Establishing an etiology is crucial toward generating evidence that will contribute to policy discussions on a diarrheal disease control program. Our previous study, during 2010–2012, revealed that norovirus (NoV) is an important cause of diarrhea among Bhutanese children, and that GII.21 was the major genotype circulating at that time. In other countries, GII.4 is the major genotype responsible for NoV infections. In this update report, we provide new prevalence data to describe the progression of the transformation and distribution of the NoV genotype among Bhutanese children.MethodsFrom June 2013 through May 2014, diarrheal stool samples were collected at one national referral hospital in Thimphu, two regional referral hospitals in the eastern and central regions, and one general hospital in the western region of Bhutan. NoV was detected by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR), by amplifying the capsid gene. The RT–PCR results were confirmed by nucleotide sequencing of the amplicons.ResultsThe proportion of NoV-positive stool samples was 23.6% (147/623), of which 76.9% were NoV GII and the remainders were NoV GI. The median age of infected children was 15.5 months, with a fairly balanced female: male ratio. NoV GII was most prevalent in the colder months (late November–mid April) and NoV GI had the highest prevalence in the summer (mid April–late September). Nucleotide sequencing was successful in 99 samples of GII strains. The most common genotypes were GII.3 (42.6%), GII.4 Sydney 2012 (15.8%), and GII.4 unassigned (11.9%). No GII.21 was found in any child in the present study. Phylogenetic analysis showed that GII.3 strains in the present study belonged to an independent cluster in lineage B. These strains shared an ancestor with those from different countries and Bhutanese strains circulating during 2010.ConclusionNoV remains an important cause of diarrhea among Bhutanese children. Genotype GII.3 from a single ancestor strain has spread, replacing the previously circulating GII.21. Current NoV genotypes are similar to the strains circulating worldwide but are primarily related to those in neighboring countries. NoV GII is prevalent during the cold season, while GI is prevalent during the summer. To develop a NoV infection control policy, further studies are needed.

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Relationship between GII.3 norovirus infections and blood group antigens in young children in Tunisia

Cited by 30 publications

References 41 publications

Epidemiological, Molecular, and Clinical Features of Norovirus Infections among Pediatric Patients in Qatar

Epidemiological, Molecular, and Clinical Features of Norovirus Infections among Pediatric Patients in Qatar

The epidemiology of Norovirus in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region: a systematic review

Surveillance of norovirus among children with diarrhea in four major hospitals in Bhutan: Replacement of GII.21 by GII.3 as a dominant genotype

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